Collaborative Research: Production Fluxes and Physicochemical Properties of Nascent Marine Aerosols: Implications for the Atmosphere and Upper Ocean

合作研究：新生海洋气溶胶的生产通量和物理化学性质：对大气和上层海洋的影响

• 批准号: 1129896
• 负责人: David Kieber
• 金额: $ 9.18万
• 依托单位: SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1129896&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Production; Fluxes; Physicochemical

Production of primary marine aerosol at the ocean surface is a major process in the earth's climate system, with important implications for the physicochemical evolution of the troposphere and feedbacks on upper ocean biogeochemistry. Newly formed marine aerosol are number-dominated by sub-ìm diameter, hygroscopic, organic-rich particles that scatter solar radiation and serve as condensation nuclei. Photolysis of the associated marine-derived organic matter (OM) produces reactive oxygen species and other oxidized species. The nature, magnitude, and consequences of the production and evolution of marine aerosol are highly uncertain, precluding development of a reliable predictive capability for associated influences on tropospheric chemistry, upper ocean biogeochemistry, and climate. To address some of these uncertainties, an interdisciplinary research team from the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, the University of Virginia, and the Scripps Institute of Oceanography will participate on a multidisciplinary research cruise from the United States to Bermuda in the summer of 2012 to study fluxes of marine aerosols as a function of seawater characteristics. In particular they will characterize size- and composition-resolved marine aerosols by comparison of measurements made with their own custom-designed UVA aerosol generator with parallel measurements with the NOAA SeaSweep aerosol generator and eddy covariance techniques. Comparative studies will be carried out at two or three optically distinct stations with seawater characteristics that are compositionally distinct. These results will also be compared with similar data already in-hand to yield a more thorough synthesis and to serve as the basis for developing numerical models of the aerosol transport system. An important outcome of this project will be a thorough characterization of the aerosol material generated by the UVA instrument for future aerosol work at sea.Broader Impacts: Results of the proposed research are expected to advance further study of the influences of the surface ocean on the size-resolved organic and inorganic composition and flux of nascent and ambient marine aerosol, and the related influences of these aerosol in the multiphase chemical and physical evolution of the marine boundary layer, surface ocean biogeochemistry, and Earth's radiation balance. The project will also provide for the training and support of one or more graduate and undergraduate students.

海洋表面初级海洋气溶胶的产生是地球气候系统的一个主要过程，对对流层的物理化学演化和上层海洋生物地球化学的反馈具有重要意义。新形成的海洋气溶胶在数量上以亚米直径、吸湿性、富含有机物的颗粒为主，这些颗粒会散射太阳辐射并充当凝结核。相关海洋有机物 (OM) 的光解产生活性氧和其他氧化物质。海洋气溶胶的产生和演化的性质、程度和后果高度不确定，阻碍了对对流层化学、上层海洋生物地球化学和气候的相关影响的可靠预测能力的发展。为了解决其中一些不确定性，来自纽约州立大学环境科学与林业学院、弗吉尼亚大学和斯克里普斯海洋学研究所的跨学科研究小组将于 2012 年夏天参加从美国到百慕大的多学科研究航行，研究海洋气溶胶通量与海水特征的函数关系。 特别是，他们将通过将使用自己定制设计的 UVA 气溶胶发生器进行的测量与使用 NOAA SeaSweep 气溶胶发生器和涡流协方差技术进行的并行测量进行比较，来表征大小和成分分辨的海洋气溶胶。 将在两个或三个光学上不同的站进行比较研究，这些站的海水特征在成分上不同。 这些结果还将与现有的类似数据进行比较，以产生更彻底的综合，并作为开发气溶胶输送系统数值模型的基础。 该项目的一个重要成果将是对 UVA 仪器产生的气溶胶材料进行全面表征，以用于未来海上气溶胶工作。 更广泛的影响：拟议研究的结果预计将推动进一步研究海洋表面对新生和周围海洋气溶胶的尺寸分辨有机和无机成分和通量的影响，以及这些气溶胶在海洋多相化学和物理演化中的相关影响 边界层、表面海洋生物地球化学和地球辐射平衡。 该项目还将为一名或多名研究生和本科生提供培训和支持。