CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Efficient Mapping and Management of Applications onto Cyber-Physical Systems

CPS：媒介：协作研究：网络物理系统上的应用程序的高效映射和管理

• 批准号: 1135953
• 负责人: Margaret Martonosi
• 金额: $ 39.2万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1135953&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Medium; Collaborative; Research; Efficient

The computing landscape is a richly-heterogeneous space including both fixed and mobile nodes with a large variety of sensing, actuation and computational capabilities (including mobile devices, home electronics, taxis, robotic drones, etc.). Cyber-physical applications built on these devices have the potential to gather data on, analyze, and adapt to or control a range of environments. The challenge, however, is that Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are difficult to program, and even more difficult to incorporate from one deployment to another, or to dynamically manage as nodes availability changes. Thus, CPS applications are too often programmed in a brittle fashion that impedes their ability to efficiently use available compute/sense/actuate resources beyond a one-shot deployment. In response, this project is improving CPS design and control in four primary thrusts. First, the project is developing CPSISA, an abstraction layer or intermediate representation to facilitate CPS applications expressing their compute/sense/actuate requirements to lower-level mapping and management layers. Second, the project is exploring methods of providing a Device Attribute Catalog (DAC) that summarizes a region?s available CPS nodes and their capabilities. Third, this research is improving and exploiting the ability to model, predict, and control the mobility of CPS nodes. When some CPS nodes are mobile, the accuracy and performance of a CPS application fundamentally is a function of where nodes will be positioned at any moment in time. This work exploits both static statistical coverage analysis and dynamic prediction and interpolation. Fourth, using CPSISA, DAC, and other resources as input, the team is developing tools to statically or dynamically optimize mappings of CPS applications onto available resources. To test ideas in a detailed and concrete manner, two applications are being studied and deployed. First, the FireGuide application for emergency response assistance uses groups of mobile/robotic nodes for guiding first responders in building fires. Second, a Regional Traffic Management (RTM) application demonstrates ideas at the regional level and will explore CPS scenarios for automobile traffic sensing and dynamic toll pricing. The proposed research program has the potential for broad societal impact. Studies that improve how building emergencies are handled will improve emergency response safety both for occupants and for first responders around the country. Likewise, the deployment plans regarding regional traffic management will improve traffic patterns, fuel efficiency and quality-of-life for commuters across the United States. The research team is distributing the CPSISA, CPSMap, and CPSDyn software frameworks to allow other researchers and developers to make use of them. Extensive industry collaborations foster effective technology transfer. Finally, the project continues and broadens the PIs? prior track records for undergraduate research advising and for mentoring women students and members of under-represented minority groups.

计算领域是一个丰富的空间空间，包括固定和移动节点，具有各种感应，驱动和计算功能（包括移动设备，家庭电子，出租车，机器人无人机等）。 在这些设备上构建的网络物理应用具有收集数据，分析和适应或控制各种环境的潜力。 然而，挑战在于，网络物理系统（CPS）难以编程，甚至更难从一个部署到另一种部署，或者随着节点可用性的变化而动态管理。 因此，CPS应用程序经常以脆弱的方式进行编程，这阻碍了他们有效使用可用的计算/感官/探索资源，而不是单次部署。作为回应，该项目正在改善四个主要推力的CPS设计和控制。首先，该项目是开发CPSISA，一个抽象层或中间表示，以促进CPS应用程序，以表达其计算/感官/执行要求对低级映射和管理层。其次，该项目正在探索提供设备属性目录（DAC）的方法，该目录总结了一个可用的CPS节点及其功能。第三，这项研究是提高和利用建模，预测和控制CPS节点的迁移率的能力。当某些CPS节点是移动设备时，CPS应用程序的准确性和性能从根本上是在任何时候将节点放置在哪里的函数。 这项工作利用了静态统计覆盖范围分析以及动态预测和插值。第四，使用CPSISA，DAC和其他资源作为输入，该团队正在开发静态或动态优化CPS应用程序映射到可用资源上的工具。为了以详细和具体的方式测试想法，正在研究和部署两个应用程序。 首先，Fireguide的应急响应援助申请使用移动/机器人节点组来指导急救人员进行大火。 其次，区域交通管理（RTM）应用程序在区域层面展示了想法，并将探索CPS方案，以实现汽车交通传感和动态收费定价。 拟议的研究计划有可能产生广泛的社会影响。 改善建筑物紧急情况如何处理的研究将改善居民和全国第一响应者的应急安全性。 同样，有关区域交通管理的部署计划将改善美国通勤者的交通模式，燃油效率和生活质量。研究团队正在分发CPSISA，CPSMAP和CPSDYN软件框架，以允许其他研究人员和开发人员使用它们。广泛的行业合作促进了有效的技术转移。最后，该项目继续并扩大了PI？本科生研究的先前记录，为女学生和代表性不足的少数群体的成员提供咨询和指导。