EAGER: Multiple Transmitter Chains to Minimize Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation in Portable Devices

EAGER：多个发射器链可最大限度地减少便携式设备中的电磁辐射暴露

• 批准号: 1141868
• 负责人: Bertrand Hochwald
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1141868&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Multiple; Transmitter; Chains; Minimize

Portable wireless devices such as cell phones are becoming powerhouses of computational ability, with multiple processors, large amounts of memory, touch screens, cameras, and motion sensors all connected to WiFi, Bluetooth, 3G and 4G transceivers. Many of these transceivers can transmit concurrently, and each transmission exposes the user to some level of electromagnetic radiation. The total exposure is potentially cumulative. At the same time, regulatory agencies such as the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) are constantly being challenged to re-evaluate their thresholds for exposure to electromagnetic radiation as new science becomes available and as the public becomes more reliant on portable wireless devices. This research examines using multiple transmitters, commonly used to improve wireless performance, as a tool to minimize exposure. This research: (i) evaluates the exposure effects of a portable device as a function of its transmitter characteristics and the timing and phasing between transmitter elements; (ii) designs communication and constrained coding techniques that minimize exposure while not sacrificing wireless performance; (iii) evaluates the success of these techniques using accepted testing procedures for exposure such as the SAR (specific absorption rate) limit of 1.6 W/kg. The research characterizes the tradeoff between minimizing near-field energy, which determines exposure, and maximizing far-field energy, which determines wireless communication system performance.

便携式无线设备（如手机）正在成为计算能力的强大动力，具有多个处理器、大量内存、触摸屏、摄像头和运动传感器，所有这些都连接到WiFi、蓝牙、3G和4G收发器。这些收发器中的许多收发器可以同时传输，并且每次传输都会使用户暴露于某种程度的电磁辐射。总暴露量可能是累积的。与此同时，随着新科学的出现以及公众对便携式无线设备的依赖程度越来越高，诸如联邦通信委员会（FCC）的监管机构不断受到挑战，需要重新评估其暴露于电磁辐射的阈值。本研究探讨使用多个发射机，通常用于提高无线性能，作为一种工具，以尽量减少暴露。 这项研究：（i）根据便携式设备的发射器特性以及发射器元件之间的定时和相位，评估其暴露影响;（ii）设计通信和约束编码技术，以最大限度地减少暴露，同时不牺牲无线性能;（iii）使用公认的暴露测试程序（例如1.6 W/kg的SAR（比吸收率）限值）评估这些技术的成功。该研究的特点之间的权衡最小化近场能量，这决定了曝光，并最大化远场能量，这决定了无线通信系统的性能。