SBIR Phase I: Functionalized Graphene-Based Biosensors

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目旨在开发基于功能化石墨烯片（FGS）的专用材料配方，用于电化学生物传感器平台。虽然碳基电极已经应用于广泛的电化学传感器应用中，但电子转移速率小，导致相当差的电化学活性，并且现有的市售电化学传感平台在反应性和一般性能方面变化很大。近年来，石墨烯已成为开发具有高灵敏度和特异性的电化学生物传感器的有前途的替代材料。在拟定的计划中，将开发FGS材料配方，用于检测特定的生物相关分析物。该项目将研究石墨烯化学对电化学活性的影响，并利用石墨烯片的特定生物活性装饰来优化电化学性能，并允许生物传感器的有效设计和最佳工作性能。预计所提出的技术将表现出突出的有益特性的组合，如高电活性，良好的生物相容性，以及在许多不同的传感任务的通用性。该项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力是生物传感器的可用性，该生物传感器可改善现有葡萄糖生物传感器的性能，并为其他分析物检测的新传感器产品线提供机会，其中当前碳材料无法提供所需的性能。全球生物传感器市场预计在未来几年将增长11.5%，到2016年将达到140亿美元，其中家庭诊断和护理点生物传感器市场分别占总市场份额的28亿美元和63亿美元。葡萄糖生物传感器占世界生物传感器市场收入的30- 35%，用于其他分析检测的生物传感器，如胆固醇，蛋白质等，预计也将迅速扩大，预计增长19%。如果成功，新的石墨烯生物传感器技术的预期电化学活性预计将使其成为提高当前碳基生物传感器灵敏度和性能的令人信服的选择。此外，该项目的科学和工程方面，特别是关于石墨烯和功能化石墨烯的电活性，将在科学界引起广泛兴趣，并提高对石墨烯电化学系统的普遍理解。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project aims to develop specialized materials formulations based on functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) for electrochemical biosensor platforms. While carbon-based electrodes have been applied in a wide range of electrochemical sensor applications, electron transfer rates are small, leading to rather poor electrochemical activity, and existing commercially available electrochemical sensing platforms vary greatly in reactivity and general performance. Graphene has emerged in recent years as a promising alternative material for the development of electrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity and specificity. In the proposed program FGS materials formulations will be developed for detecting specific biologically relevant analytes. This project will examine the effect of graphene chemistry on electrochemical activity and utilizing specific bio-active decoration of the graphene sheets to optimize electrochemical properties and allow for the efficient design and optimal working performance of the biosensor. The proposed technology is anticipated to exhibit a combination of outstanding beneficial properties, such as high electroactivity, good biocompatibility, and versatility in many different sensing tasks. The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is the availability of a biosensor that improves the performance of existing glucose biosensors and opens opportunities for new sensor product lines for other analyte assays where the current carbon materials cannot provide the needed performance. The global biosensor market forecasted to grow by 11.5 % over the next several years, reaching $14 billion by 2016, with home diagnostics and point of care biosensor markets comprising $2.8 billion and $6.3 billion respectively of the total market share. Glucose biosensors account for 30-35 % of the world biosensor market revenues, and biosensors for other analyst detection such as cholesterol, proteins, etc, are also predicted to rapidly expand, with forecasted growth of 19 %. If successful, the anticipated electrochemical activity of the new graphene-based biosensor technology is expected to make it a compelling choice to improve sensitivity and performance of current carbon-based biosensors. Furthermore, the science and engineering aspects of this project especially with regards to electroactivity of graphene and functionalized graphene will be of broad interest within the scientific community and improve the general understanding of graphene-based electrochemical systems.