Diversity, distribution and significance of aerobic thermophilic CO-oxidizing bacteria

好氧嗜热CO氧化菌的多样性、分布及其意义

• 批准号: 1146444
• 负责人: Gary King
• 金额: $ 39.41万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1146444&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Diversity; distribution; significance; aerobic; thermophilic

Carbon monoxide (CO) is considered a highly poisonous gas often associated with tragic loss of life. Nonetheless, CO occurs naturally at relatively low concentrations in the atmosphere and in geothermal environments. Remarkably, certain bacteria, the CO oxidizers, thrive on CO using it as an important source of energy for their metabolism. Some CO-oxidizing bacteria can be found in soils, where their metabolism helps regulate CO concentrations in the atmosphere. Other CO-oxidizing bacteria occur in geothermal systems, such as hot springs and volcanic environments. These bacteria survive under harsh conditions, including high temperatures and low (acidic) pH. Little is known about these extremophiles, but they likely include many novel species, some of which might represent relatively ancient life forms.Research conducted in the unique geothermal environments of Kilauea volcano (Hawai'i) and hot springs in Yellowstone and Lassen Volcano National Parks will establish the biodiversity of thermophilic oxygen-dependent CO oxidizers, discover new thermophilic CO-oxidizing species, and establish the factors that determine the geographic distribution of these organisms. Results of this study will create a new understanding of the evolutionary history of all oxygen-dependent CO-oxidizing bacteria and provide new insights that will aid research on CO oxidizers in soils and in the oceans.

一氧化碳（CO）被认为是一种剧毒气体，通常与悲惨的生命损失有关。 尽管如此，CO在大气和地热环境中以相对低的浓度自然存在。 值得注意的是，某些细菌，CO氧化剂，在CO上茁壮成长，将其作为新陈代谢的重要能量来源。 一些CO氧化细菌可以在土壤中找到，它们的新陈代谢有助于调节大气中的CO浓度。 其他一氧化碳氧化细菌存在于地热系统中，如温泉和火山环境。 这些细菌在恶劣的条件下生存，包括高温和低（酸性）pH值。对这些极端微生物知之甚少，但它们可能包括许多新物种，其中一些可能代表相对古老的生命形式。在基拉韦厄火山（夏威夷）独特的地热环境以及黄石和拉森火山国家公园的温泉中进行的研究将建立嗜热氧生物多样性-依赖性CO氧化剂，发现新的嗜热CO氧化物种，并确定决定这些生物地理分布的因素。 这项研究的结果将对所有氧依赖性CO氧化细菌的进化历史产生新的认识，并提供新的见解，有助于研究土壤和海洋中的CO氧化剂。