RUI: Environmentally and Biologically Relevant Chemical Mechanisms Induced by Carbonaceous Nanoparticles

RUI：碳质纳米颗粒诱导的环境和生物相关化学机制

• 批准号: 1149330
• 负责人: Anne Johansen
• 金额: $ 31.71万
• 依托单位: Central Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1149330&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Environmentally; Biologically; Relevant; Chemical

The Environmental Chemical Sciences (ECS) program of the Division of Chemistry will support the research program of Associate Prof. Anne Johansen of Central Washington University (CWU). Dr. Johansen and her research group will study the chemical mechanisms linking physico-chemical properties of collected atmospheric ultrafine particles (¡Ü 100 nm, UFP) to their environmental reactivity and physiological toxicity. Two main particle characteristics are investigated: (i) the content of redox-active, or bioavailable iron, and (ii) the degree of particle surface carbon oxidation. In addition, the presence of potential electron donors in the surrounding matrix will be evaluated. By using model soot and real UFPs, mechanisms will be identified and their relative significance assessed in biologically and environmentally relevant conditions. Research will be conducted at CWU and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory User Facility (EMSL) with the aid of custom-made and state-of-the-art instruments. These analytical capabilities will enable the generation of novel results that are likely to increase current understanding of the reactivity and transformation of carbonaceous particles in a variety of settings. An important educational component of this study is the effective training of undergraduate students from a primarily undergraduate institution located in a rural setting such as CWU. A large number of underrepresented minority students will gain experimental, critical thinking and communication skills through their hands-on work while collaborating with scientists from the nearby National Laboratory.

化学系的环境化学科学（ECS）项目将支持中央华盛顿大学（CWU）副教授Anne Johansen的研究项目。Johansen博士和她的研究小组将研究收集到的大气超细颗粒（Ü 100 nm， UFP）的物理化学性质与其环境反应性和生理毒性之间的化学机制。研究了两个主要的颗粒特性：(i)氧化活性或生物可利用铁的含量，以及（ii）颗粒表面碳氧化的程度。此外，将评估周围基质中是否存在潜在的电子给体。通过使用模型烟尘和实际ufp，将确定机制并评估其在生物和环境相关条件下的相对重要性。研究将在CWU和太平洋西北国家实验室用户设施（EMSL）与定制和最先进的仪器的帮助下进行。这些分析能力将产生新的结果，有可能增加目前对各种环境下碳质颗粒的反应性和转化的理解。本研究的一个重要教育组成部分是有效培训来自农村地区的本科院校的本科生，如CWU。大量未被充分代表的少数民族学生将通过与附近国家实验室的科学家合作的实践工作获得实验，批判性思维和沟通技巧。