CAREER: Bacterial Ultra-structure and Chromosome Segregation

职业：细菌超微结构和染色体分离

• 批准号: 1151043
• 负责人: Paul Wiggins
• 金额: $ 100万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1151043&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Bacterial; Ultra; structure; Chromosome

Intellectual Merit Prokaryotic cells develop cell polarity, exhibit time-dependent gradients of protein concentration, can divide with astonishingly high precision at midcell, and exhibit precise control over the spatial position of genetic loci in the cell. Loss of this ultra-structure has important functional consequences, from the failure to efficiently segregate the chromosome to the creation of anucleate minicells. To investigate such questions, quantitative measurements are essential, but not sufficient. Models that attempt to explain these inherently quantitative phenomena must make testable, quantitative predictions. This research program is divided into two main aims: (i) a program to quantitatively characterize, analyze and model these organizational phenomena at a proteome scale in Escherichia coli and (ii) a tightly focused program to investigate one important instance of cellular ultra-structure: the mechanisms responsible for chromosome organization and segregation in E. coli. Broader ImpactsIn addition to the training of graduate students, this research program supports the development of two new, truly interdisciplinary courses for undergraduate and graduate students with diverse backgrounds from molecular and cellular biology to theoretical physics: Contemporary Light Microscopy and Biophotonics and Quantitative Imaging. Both courses are hands-on problem-oriented lab lecture courses inspired by the Marine Biology Laboratory (MBL) Physiology Course. In addition, a third course, a short quantitative imaging boot camp for the biologists is offered yearly. The research program supports an outreach program to bring science into the high school classroom and high school research interns into the lab.

智能优点原核细胞发育细胞极性，表现出依赖于时间的蛋白质浓度梯度，可以在中期细胞以惊人的高精度分裂，并表现出对细胞内遗传位点空间位置的精确控制。这种超结构的丧失具有重要的功能后果，从不能有效地分离染色体到产生无核的微型细胞。要研究这些问题，定量测量是必要的，但还不够。试图解释这些内在定量现象的模型必须做出可检验的定量预测。这项研究计划分为两个主要目标：(I)在蛋白质组规模上对这些组织现象进行定量表征、分析和建模的计划和(Ii)密切关注的计划，以研究细胞超微结构的一个重要实例：在大肠杆菌中负责染色体组织和分离的机制。更广泛的影响除了对研究生的培训外，该研究计划还支持为从分子和细胞生物学到理论物理等不同背景的本科生和研究生开发两门真正跨学科的新课程：当代光学显微镜和生物光子学与定量成像。这两门课程都是以实践问题为导向的实验讲授课程，灵感来自海洋生物实验室(MBL)生理学课程。此外，每年还会为生物学家提供第三个课程，一个简短的定量成像新兵训练营。该研究计划支持一项外展计划，将科学带入高中课堂，将高中研究实习生带入实验室。