Archaeological and Environmental Investigations along the mid-Holocene shoreline near Aitape, Northern Papua New Guinea
巴布亚新几内亚北部艾塔佩附近全新世中期海岸线的考古和环境调查
基本信息
- 批准号:1155338
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 10.23万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-05-01 至 2017-04-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Mark Golitko and colleagues will conduct one field season of excavation and survey targeted at reconstructing mid-Holocene (~7000-3000 BP) landscape, environment, settlement patterning, subsistence, and exchange networks near Aitape, northern Papua New Guinea (PNG). The project brings together American, Australian, and New Guinean experts in Pacific prehistory, paleo-environment, and paleo-tsunami research. The north coast presents considerable environmental challenges to human survival. For instance, a massive tsunami in 1998 wiped out villages along Sissano Lagoon, and similar events are believed to occur several times per century. The north coast of PNG is also heavily impacted by the ENSO cycle, which can cause severe subsistence stress resulting from alternating cycles of heavy rainfall and drought. This region is among the most linguistically and biologically diverse places on earth, suggesting a history of inter-community isolation, yet in recent history, coastal communities are linked into extensive social networks through which goods, people, and ideas travel. These social connections presently serve in part as a form of insurance in the face of environmentally driven risk. Thus, in addition to informing scientists about the past, the research has the potential to provide insight into successful strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of extreme environmental events.The place of the north coast of PNG in Pacific prehistory is controversial and poorly understood due to a relative paucity of research conducted there. In one view, the north coast was largely uninhabited and isolated from Island Melanesia prior to the disappearance of Lapita style pottery after ~2000 BP, resulting in significant linguistic, genetic, and cultural differences between people living on the mainland and off-shore islands. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the introduction of highland PNG domesticates during the mid-Holocene period increased population levels on the coast to such a level that new settlers were excluded from the region. From another perspective, the north coast may have served as a significant barrier to human movement and interaction only prior to the stabilization of world sea-levels and formation of productive alluvial plains after ~6000 BP. Settlement on these alluvial plains, in conjunction with an upswing in ENSO frequency after ~7000 BP may have increased the degree of social interaction as populations on the north coast became increasingly exposed to environmental risk. Thereafter, the north coast formed the heart of an interaction sphere through which people, goods, and ideas freely moved. To test these alternative hypotheses regarding north coast prehistory, excavations will be conducted at two sites located on the reconstructed mid-Holocene shoreline inland from the modern town of Aitape - Paniri Creek, where human remains dating to the mid-Holocene were previously recovered in association with potential paleo-tsunami deposits, and Kobom/NGRP25, where obsidian was collected during prior survey work. Survey and coring at river-cuts and garden clearings elsewhere along the mid-Holocene shoreline will provide a broader regional perspective on paleo-environment. Excavation and survey will target paleo-environmental indicators (pollen, phytoliths, charcoal), datable materials, and obsidian for sourcing analysis. The project will provide significant new information about prehistory on the north coast that will address the origins of human diversity in the Pacific. The study will examine long-term human adaptive responses to climate change and sea-level rise, and therefore contribute to modern policy debate in PNG and elsewhere regarding global warming, sea-level rise, and effective response to environmental risk. Involvement by local archaeologists and students will contribute to archaeological training in PNG.
在美国国家科学基金会的支持下,Mark Golitko博士及其同事将进行一个实地挖掘和调查季节,旨在重建北方巴布亚新几内亚(PNG)Aitape附近的全新世中期(约7000-3000 BP)景观,环境,定居模式,生存和交换网络。 该项目汇集了美国、澳大利亚和新几内亚在太平洋史前史、古环境和古海啸研究方面的专家。 北海岸对人类生存提出了相当大的环境挑战。 例如,1998年的一次大规模海啸摧毁了沿着西沙诺泻湖沿岸的村庄,据信类似的事件每世纪会发生几次。 巴布亚新几内亚北部海岸也受到厄尔尼诺/南方涛动周期的严重影响,暴雨和干旱交替循环,可能造成严重的生存压力。 这一地区是地球上语言和生物多样性最丰富的地区之一,这表明了社区间隔离的历史,但在近代历史上,沿海社区与广泛的社交网络联系在一起,货物,人员和思想通过这些网络传播。 这些社会联系目前在某种程度上是面对环境驱动的风险时的一种保险形式。因此,除了让科学家了解过去,这项研究还可能为减轻极端环境事件的有害影响提供成功策略的见解。巴布亚新几内亚北海岸在太平洋史前史中的位置存在争议,由于在那里进行的研究相对较少,人们对那里的了解很少。 一种观点认为,在大约2000年前拉皮塔风格的陶器消失之前,北海岸基本上无人居住,与美拉尼西亚岛隔离,导致生活在大陆和近海岛屿上的人们之间存在显着的语言,遗传和文化差异。 另一方面,有人认为,在全新世中期引入巴布亚新几内亚高地驯化动物增加了沿海地区的人口水平,以至于新的定居者被排除在该地区之外。 从另一个角度来看,北海岸可能只是在世界海平面稳定和约6000 BP后形成多产冲积平原之前才成为人类活动和相互作用的重要屏障。 这些冲积平原上的定居点,以及约7000 BP后ENSO频率的上升,可能增加了北海岸人口日益暴露于环境风险的社会互动程度。 此后,北海岸形成了一个互动圈的中心,人们、货物和思想在这里自由流动。 为了测试这些关于北海岸史前的替代假设,将在两个地点进行挖掘,这两个地点位于重建的全新世中期海岸线内陆,从现代城镇Aitape - Paniri Creek开始,在那里,可以追溯到全新世中期的人类遗骸先前被发现与潜在的古海啸沉积物有关,Kobom/NGRP 25,在之前的调查工作中收集了黑曜石。 在沿着中全新世海岸线的其他地方的河流切割和花园空地进行调查和取芯,将为古环境提供更广泛的区域视角。 挖掘和调查将针对古环境指标(花粉,植硅体,木炭),可确定年代的材料和黑曜石进行来源分析。 该项目将提供有关北海岸史前史的重要新信息,以解决太平洋人类多样性的起源问题。 该研究将研究人类对气候变化和海平面上升的长期适应性反应,从而有助于巴布亚新几内亚和其他地方关于全球变暖,海平面上升和有效应对环境风险的现代政策辩论。 当地考古学家和学生的参与将有助于巴布亚新几内亚的考古培训。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Mark Golitko其他文献
A performance test of archaeological similarity-based network inference using New Guinean ethnographic data
使用新几内亚民族志数据进行基于考古相似性的网络推理的性能测试
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Mark Golitko - 通讯作者:
Mark Golitko
Ceramic production during the Middle Horizon: Wari and Tiwanaku clay procurement in the Moquegua Valley, Peru
中地平线的陶瓷生产:秘鲁莫克瓜谷的瓦里和蒂亚瓦纳科粘土采购
- DOI:
10.1002/gea.20288 - 发表时间:
2009 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.7
- 作者:
N. Sharratt;Mark Golitko;P. Ryan Williams;L. Dussubieux - 通讯作者:
L. Dussubieux
Basalt source characterization in the highlands of western panama using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analysis
使用便携式 X 射线荧光 (pXRF) 分析对巴拿马西部高地的玄武岩源进行表征
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.01.006 - 发表时间:
2015 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Scott D. Palumbo;Mark Golitko;Sarah C. B. Christensen;Glenne Tietzer - 通讯作者:
Glenne Tietzer
On graphical representations of similarity in geo-temporal frequency data
地时频率数据相似性的图形表示
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jas.2016.05.013 - 发表时间:
2016 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.8
- 作者:
D. Weidele;M. V. Garderen;Mark Golitko;G. Feinman;U. Brandes - 通讯作者:
U. Brandes
Archaeometric and archaeological characterization of the fired clay brick production in the Brussels-Capital Region between the XIV and the third quarter of the XVIII centuries (Belgium)
十四世纪至十八世纪下半叶布鲁塞尔首都地区烧制粘土砖生产的考古学和考古学特征(比利时)
- DOI:
10.4000/archeosciences.6429 - 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
E. Goemaere;P. Sosnowska;Mark Golitko;Thomas Goovaerts;T. Leduc - 通讯作者:
T. Leduc
Mark Golitko的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Mark Golitko', 18)}}的其他基金
Long Term Human Response To Sea Level Change
人类对海平面变化的长期反应
- 批准号:
1820953 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 10.23万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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Journal of Environmental Sciences
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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
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Journal of Environmental Sciences
- 批准号:21024806
- 批准年份:2010
- 资助金额:24.0 万元
- 项目类别:专项基金项目
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