Blackbody Radiation in the Nanothermodynamic Limit

纳米热力学极限的黑体辐射

• 批准号: 1206849
• 负责人: BC Regan
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1206849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Blackbody; Radiation; Nanothermodynamic; Limit

****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This award supports the construction and study of thermal radiators that contain millions of atoms but are small in comparison to a typical thermal wavelength, using filaments constructed with carbon nanotubes, graphene, and tungsten nanowires. Incandescent radiators in this size regime operate in an area that is wholly in neither the quantum mechanical nor the thermodynamic limit. This investigation will require an improved understanding of thermal transport in extreme temperature gradients at the nanoscale. Combining microfabricated devices and transmission electron microscopy characterization, these studies will extend unique imaging single-color pyrometry techniques and complement them with time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) correlation measurements. Because the nanolamps are approximately black and operate in the same exotic size-to-wavelength regime, benchmarking their coherence properties may provide further insight into the quantum physics of black holes and Hawking radiation. This project will support the training of a PhD student, who will necessarily master a wide array of skills in critical areas on the technological frontier, including microfabrication, electronics integration, and nanomaterials.****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This award supports the construction and study of tiny incandescent lamps. The nanolamps have carbon filaments much like those originally used by Edison, but a billion times smaller. A typical incandescent lamp has dimensions that are large in comparison to the wavelengths of the light that it emits. Only recently has microfabrication technology advanced to the point where it is now possible to build "small" lamps that operate in the opposite limit and emit easily detected optical photons. The study of such lamps will probe the mechanisms of heat transport in devices where the temperature changes by thousands of degrees on sub-micrometer length scales. Furthermore, small lamps are ideal for elucidating the coherence properties of thermal radiation, which contrary to the common misconception, is not completely incoherent. New measurements of incandescent radiation in this unexplored regime will improve the current understanding heat transport at small length scales, the coherence properties of thermal photons, and the relationships between quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. Such measurements may even shed light on the physics of black holes, which are also thought to be "small" in comparison to the thermal Hawking radiation that they emit. This project will support the training of a PhD student, who will necessarily master a wide array of skills in critical areas on the technological frontier, including microfabrication, electronics integration, and nanomaterials.

* 技术摘要 * 该奖项支持使用由碳纳米管、石墨烯和钨纳米线构成的细丝来构建和研究包含数百万个原子但与典型热波长相比很小的热辐射器。 这种尺寸范围的白炽辐射器工作在一个既不完全处于量子力学极限也不完全处于热力学极限的区域。这项调查将需要在纳米级的极端温度梯度的热传输的更好的理解。结合微加工设备和透射电子显微镜表征，这些研究将扩展独特的成像单色高温测量技术，并与时间相关的单光子计数（TCSPC）相关测量补充它们。由于纳米灯近似为黑色，并且在相同的奇异尺寸-波长范围内工作，因此对它们的相干特性进行基准测试可能会进一步深入了解黑洞和霍金辐射的量子物理学。 该项目将支持培养一名博士生，他必须掌握技术前沿关键领域的各种技能，包括微制造，电子集成和纳米材料。非技术摘要 * 该奖项支持微型白炽灯的建造和研究。 纳米灯的碳丝很像爱迪生最初使用的碳丝，但要小十亿倍。 典型的白炽灯具有与其发射的光的波长相比大的尺寸。 直到最近，微制造技术才发展到现在可以制造出在相反的极限下工作并发射出容易检测到的光子的“小”灯的地步。 对这种灯的研究将探索在亚微米长度尺度上温度变化数千度的设备中的热传输机制。 此外，小灯是阐明热辐射的相干特性的理想选择，与常见的误解相反，热辐射并不是完全不相干的。 在这一未探索的领域对白炽辐射的新测量将改善目前对小长度尺度下热传输的理解，热光子的相干性以及量子力学和热力学之间的关系。 这样的测量甚至可能揭示黑洞的物理学，与它们发出的热霍金辐射相比，黑洞也被认为是“小”的。该项目将支持培养一名博士生，他必须掌握技术前沿关键领域的各种技能，包括微加工、电子集成和纳米材料。