DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Kin selection and intragenomic conflict in the reproductive behavior of honey bees

论文研究：蜜蜂繁殖行为中的亲缘选择和基因组内冲突

• 批准号: 1210338
• 负责人: Peter Nonacs
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1210338&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Kin; selection; intragenomic

Any individual that has both a mother and father will have 50% of their genes coming from each parent. For most traits, these maternal and paternal genes work in harmony. There are, however, some traits in which particular offspring behaviors benefit one parent, but harm the other. This can result in a genetic conflict within an individual's own development and behavior. One potential example of such a conflict concerns whether honey bee workers ought to lay eggs in the presence of their mother, the queen. The father benefits genetically when workers lay eggs; but worker egg laying must come at the expense of the queen's reproductive output. Therefore, the genes in workers that come from their mother ought to oppose worker reproduction and "police" any worker-laid eggs by destroying them. The goal of this project is to mathematically model within-genome conflicts to predict the conditions under which "imprinted" genes might evolve (i.e., genes that produce different effects in offspring depending on whether they come from the mother or father). This project will also selectively breed honey bees to determine if the expression of worker laying and worker policing behavior depends on the parent-of-origin for their genes. Tissue samples then can be preserved for later genomic analyses to find which genes are imprinted. Investigators now recognize that imprinted genes and within-genome conflict are common in nature. Within-genome conflict has been implicated in human health problems, such as some complications that may arise during pregnancy. Thus, understanding the evolution and expression of within-genome conflict in an easily manipulated system, like honey bee colonies, is likely to have broad impacts for understanding general questions of how genotypes are transformed into phenotypes.

任何具有母亲和父亲的人都会有50％的基因来自每个父母。 对于大多数特征，这些母体和父亲基因和谐起作用。 但是，有些特征在其中特定的后代行为使一位父母受益，但会损害另一种父母。 这可能会导致个人自身发展和行为中的遗传冲突。 这种冲突的一个潜在例子是，蜜蜂工人是否应该在母亲的面前产卵女王。 当工人产卵时，父亲从遗传上受益；但是，工人卵的卵子必须以女王的生殖产量为代价。 因此，来自母亲的工人中的基因应该反对工人的繁殖，并通过摧毁任何工人卵。 该项目的目的是在数学上对基因组内的冲突进行建模，以预测“印迹”基因可能发展的条件（即，根据它们是来自母亲还是父亲的基因，在后代产生不同影响的基因）。 该项目还将有选择地培养蜜蜂，以确定工人铺设和工人警务行为的表达是否取决于其基因的父母。 然后，可以保留组织样品以进行以后的基因组分析，以找到哪些基因印记。 研究人员现在认识到，印迹基因和基因组内冲突在本质上很普遍。 基因组冲突与人类健康问题有关，例如怀孕期间可能出现的一些并发症。 因此，理解易于操纵系统中基因组冲突的演变和表达，例如蜜蜂菌落，可能会对理解基因型如何转化为表型的一般问题产生广泛的影响。