Negotiations and Impacts: Great Western Development, Rural Peasants, and Water Policy across China?s Loess Plateau

谈判和影响：西部大开发、农民和中国黄土高原的水政策

• 批准号: 1213575
• 负责人: James Cook
• 金额: $ 15.59万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-11-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1213575&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Negotiations; Impacts; Great; Western; Development

In this project, the PI-team proposes to increase recruitment and retention of talented undergraduates in social science research by (1) establishing a multidisciplinary, collaborative research program on the impacts of nationaland provincial policies regarding economic growth and environmental resource management in one of China's most fragile ecosystems -- the Yellow River Loess Plateau and (2) focusing specifically on water resource management among local users (rural peasants). This work will be accomplished through the establishment of four international, multidisciplinary and faculty-mentored Study Teams. Each Team will select a research question in economics, biology, or sociology, design a research agenda and perform primary research in social sciences at rural villages. Through village-level surveys, interviews, researchobservations, and archival research, faculty mentors will lead students on a journey of discovery that will ascertain how water resource policies have affected the rate of erosion of the Loess Plateau and what can be done to fashion effective solutions.This proposal is based in part on the most successful elements of the PIs' previous work combined with their current intent to build the conservation and land use database, focus attention on priority areas, expand and deepen international collaboration and continue to engage students in international research with scientific, national and global relevance. Whereas their previous work concentrated primarily on urban themes, this proposal tracks increasing academic and applied interest in rural issues. This is a topicof current interest because although 80% of the water consumed in Northwest China is used in agriculture which is accomplished by individual families in isolated villages, whether/how conservation measures are implemented in the field is not well-documented.Intellectual merit: This proposal is unique among water resource management studies because it will address rural rather than urban issues -- a notable distinction in that most of the water in Northwest China is used for agriculture rather than municipal or industrial purposes. It is believed that one of the most significant contributions of this work is that it will provide a database for critical water research and planning in one of the world?s most vulnerable ecosystems. The Study Team features a unique combination of multi-disciplinary, international mentors who leverage international, academic andapplied backgrounds to accomplish work that more traditional groups cannot do. The PIs have over 10 years of research experience in Northwest China, including the design and management of two previous programs that provided the experiential background for this proposal and led to numerous scientific and social contributions of more than 50 students since 2001. Further, it reinforces both academic and national demand for civic engagement as it places science in the center rather than the periphery of the planning arena. It will support four mentors, two graduate assistants, and 12 undergraduates per year from the United States. An equal number of Chinese faculty and students willparticipate and be supported by their home institutions.Broader impacts: This work will play a key role in discovering current conservation practices and the parameters that influence them. A practicable framework for conservation in light of both national and international demand to improve the availability and quality of water to people in a sustainable manner will be provided. Recruitment will be specifically directed to undergraduate institutions that serve underrepresented groups. This work will provide access to current research methodologies in both the social sciences and land/resource management for our Chinese partners while preparing participants for the multi-disciplinary and international-based challenges of social science research in the 21st century by infusing teaching, training and new methods of learning in every aspect of the program.This award is co-funded by the Office of international Science and Engineering (OISE), from its East Asia and Pacific (EAP) program.

在这个项目中，PI团队建议通过（1）建立一个多学科，合作研究项目，研究国家和省级政策对中国最脆弱的生态系统之一--黄河黄土高原的经济增长和环境资源管理的影响;（2）特别侧重于当地用户（农民）的水资源管理。这项工作将通过建立四个国际，多学科和教师指导的研究小组来完成。每个团队将选择一个经济学，生物学或社会学的研究问题，设计研究议程，并在农村进行社会科学的初步研究。通过村级调查、访谈、调研观察和档案研究，导师们将带领学生踏上探索之旅，探索水资源政策如何影响黄土高原的侵蚀速度，以及如何制定有效的解决方案。这一提议部分基于PI以前工作中最成功的元素，并结合他们目前建立保护区的意图。通过建立科学和土地利用数据库，重点关注优先领域，扩大和深化国际合作，并继续让学生参与具有科学、国家和全球意义的国际研究。虽然他们以前的工作主要集中在城市主题上，但这一建议跟踪了学术界和应用界对农村问题日益增长的兴趣。这是一个当前感兴趣的话题，因为尽管中国西北地区80%的水消耗用于农业，而农业是由偏远村庄的单个家庭完成的，但在该领域是否/如何实施保护措施还没有很好的记录。这项建议在水资源管理研究中是独一无二的，因为它将解决农村而不是城市问题-一个显著的区别是，中国西北地区的大部分水用于农业，而不是市政或工业用途。据认为，这项工作的最重要的贡献之一是，它将提供一个数据库的关键水的研究和规划在世界之一？最脆弱的生态系统。该研究团队的特点是多学科的独特组合，国际导师谁利用国际，学术和应用背景，以完成工作，更传统的群体不能做。PI在中国西北地区拥有超过10年的研究经验，包括设计和管理两个以前的项目，为该提案提供了经验背景，并自2001年以来为50多名学生做出了众多科学和社会贡献。此外，它加强了学术和国家对公民参与的需求，因为它将科学置于规划竞技场的中心，而不是边缘。它每年将支持来自美国的4名导师、2名研究生助理和12名本科生。同样数量的中国教师和学生将参与其中，并得到他们所在机构的支持。更广泛的影响：这项工作将在发现当前的保护实践和影响它们的参数方面发挥关键作用。将提供一个切实可行的保护框架，以满足国家和国际的需求，以可持续的方式改善人们用水的供应和质量。招聘将专门针对为代表性不足的群体服务的本科院校。这项工作将为我们的中国合作伙伴提供社会科学和土地/资源管理方面的当前研究方法，同时通过注入教学，培训和新的学习方法在该计划的各个方面。这个奖项是共同资助的国际科学与工程办公室（OISE），东亚和太平洋（EAP）计划。