CSR: Small: Collaborative Research: Integrated Control of Fidelity and Real-Time Performance in Networked Sensing Systems

网络传感系统（NSS）通过紧密集成传感、计算、网络和物理过程与物理世界交互。NSS系统被部署用于许多关键应用，如安全、民用基础设施、医疗保健、制造和运输。这些应用通常会对性能提出严格的要求。NSS系统的许多计算和通信任务必须在一定的时间限制内完成，以避免不希望的甚至灾难性的后果--一种被称为实时保证的特性。此外，关键任务NSS系统必须将其性能保持在可接受的水平，即使在输入和/或内部系统组件中出现噪声和错误时也是如此-这一特性称为保真度。本研究旨在设计一种新型的NSS控制框架，将数据融合、校准和实时性能控制集成到一个解决方案中，以平衡保真度和实时保证的要求。预期成果包括：1）用于保真度和实时保证的统一多层性能控制框架; 2）通过新颖的模型和融合校准算法改进保真度保证; 3）保真度感知的实时性能控制机制;以及4）用于若干关键任务领域的集成保真度和实时保证，包括实时火山监测和断层扫描，以及高保真特设监视。该项目具有广泛的影响，未来的NSS系统在多个应用领域，需要高保真处理的动态和复杂的物理信息在严格的时效性限制。教育和外联活动包括将国家安全系统引入两门新的研究生课程，并在该项目过程中开发了软件、试验平台和实验室，以及招募妇女和少数民族学生参加该项目。

Networked Sensing Systems (NSSs) interact with the physical world by tightly integrating sensing, computation, networking, and physical processes. NSS systems are being deployed for numerous critical applications such as security, civil infrastructure, healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation. These applications often impose stringent performance requirements. Many computation and communication tasks of NSS systems must be finished within certain timing constraints to avoid undesirable or even catastrophic consequences -- a property known as real-time assurance. In addition, mission-critical NSS systems must maintain their performance at an acceptable level even when noises and errors occur in input and/or internal system components -- a property known as fidelity. This research is to design a novel NSS control framework that integrates data fusion, calibration, and real-time performance control into a solution that balances requirements for fidelity and real-time assurance. The expected outcomes include: 1) a unified multi-tier performance control framework for both fidelity and real-time assurance; 2) improvements in fidelity assurance through novel model and fusion calibration algorithms; 3) a fidelity-aware real-time performance control mechanism; and 4) integrated fidelity and real-time assurance for several mission-critical domains including real-time volcano monitoring and tomography, and high-fidelity ad hoc surveillance. This project has broad implications for future NSS systems in multiple application domains that require high-fidelity processing of dynamic and complex physical information within stringent timeliness constraints. Educational and outreach activities include introduction of NSS systems into two new graduate courses with software, testbed, and labs developed in the course of this project, and recruitment of women and minority students for participation in the project.