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Flexible fouling control in marine organisms: Are antifouling defenses synchronized with or fine-tuned to colonization pressure?

海洋生物中灵活的污垢控制：防污防御是否与定植压力同步或微调？

基本信息

批准号：
206622157
负责人：
Professor Dr. Martin Wahl, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/206622157?language=en
关键词：
Flexible fouling control marine organisms

项目摘要

Epibiosis – the growth of organisms on other organisms – is paramount in marine systems. The colonization of a host’s outer surface affects all its interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment and has been shown to shape entire marine communities. Many marine macro-organisms have evolved antifouling defense systems to control epibiosis at their body surface. In contrast to similar biotic interactions such as predator-prey or host-parasite to date nothing is known about whether or how antifouling defense is regulated. It seems of selective advantage that the production and deployment of defenses be driven by demand (fouling pressure) or by resource availability (energy, food) as found for other defenses. Such an ecological tuning of antifouling defenses is unexplored so far and will constitute the topic of the present project.We will describe the seasonal fluctuations of fouling pressure in general and the occurrence and fouling rates of single fouler taxa. We will further investigate how the “chemical landscape” at a basibiont’s surface in general and the components of the antifouling defense systems in particular vary seasonally in selected host species. We will then analyse whether synchronization between fouling pressure and defense deployment exists. Finally we will investigate whether defenses are induced by fouling pressure and/or controlled by the availability of resources. The findings will help to fill an essential gap in our understanding of a central feature in marine ecology.

表生——生物体在其他生物体上的生长——在海洋系统中至关重要。宿主外表面的定植会影响其与生物和非生物环境的所有相互作用，并已被证明可以塑造整个海洋群落。许多海洋大型生物已经进化出防污防御系统来控制其体表的表生。与捕食者-猎物或宿主-寄生虫等类似的生物相互作用相比，迄今为止，我们对防污防御是否或如何受到调节一无所知。与其他防御措施一样，防御措施的生产和部署由需求（污染压力）或资源可用性（能源、食物）驱动，这似乎具有选择性优势。迄今为止，这种防污防御的生态调整尚未被探索，这将构成本项目的主题。我们将描述一般污损压力的季节性波动以及单个污损类群的发生和污损率。我们将进一步研究所选宿主物种中基本生物表面的“化学景观”以及防污防御系统的组成部分如何随季节变化。然后我们将分析犯规压力和防守部署之间是否存在同步。最后，我们将研究防御是否是由污垢压力引起的和/或由资源的可用性控制的。这些发现将有助于填补我们对海洋生态学核心特征理解的一个重要空白。