Prioritizing and Selecting Bridge Management Actions for Heightened Truck Loads and Natural Hazards in Light of Funding Allocation Patterns

为桥梁管理有效分配资金是全国范围内的一项重大挑战，因为桥梁继续恶化，并承受着允许的更重卡车交通的影响，这总体上加剧了它们对自然灾害的脆弱性。 与此同时，公共安全、工业和经济发展取决于在运营荷载和极端事件后可靠的桥梁和交通网络。该项目提供了一种透明的方法，根据增加的卡车载荷，资金分配模式，以及结构缺陷，忽视灾害保护和预算有限的条件，优先考虑和选择桥梁管理行动。 为了推动桥梁库存管理的新方法，本研究将：（1）通过利用新兴的统计学习技术，推导出考虑地震危险和增加的卡车交通的网络中的桥梁的有效性能评估的代理模型。(2)制定新的优先排序方法，对需要升级的关键桥梁进行排序，说明它们对极端事件的脆弱性以及在运输网络中的作用，包括使货物流动。(3)选择桥梁的减灾行动，实现安全和地震灾害保护，同时反映典型的援助分配偏好和过去的项目经验。 通过这种方法，可以在减轻地震等自然灾害风险的需要与升级必须承受更大卡车交通和货物吞吐量的日益恶化的桥梁的需要之间取得平衡。因此，桥梁管理解决方案可以同时满足运营负荷需求和地震灾害保护，以提高桥梁网络性能。该项目将通过保护美国桥梁基础设施在运营负荷增加和恶化的背景下遭受自然灾害，对改善公共安全产生直接影响。 此外，州际商业和经济发展将受益于交通基础设施的安全性和效率的提高，包括明智地投资稀缺资金，以避免桥梁的负荷限制，并改善交通网络的连通性和货物流动，即使在遭受地震灾害的情况下。 与利益相关者密切合作将有助于确保干预行动的相关性，以解决实际的基础设施挑战，并促进下一代短期和长期桥梁管理计划的采用，使用南卡罗来纳州的案例研究来测试和完善拟议的桥梁和网络评估，排名和干预方法。 这样的试验台执行和与相关利益相关者的互动可以让学生参与解决真实的世界问题，并促进研究转化为实践。综合研究和教育计划将对准备应对美国基础设施挑战的未来工程师的准备和经验产生广泛影响。 学生将受益于多学科的研究团队和开发活动，为工程专业的学生提供具有公民意识的培训，以提高他们对基础设施改善计划的社会经济和政治背景的认识，促进他们参与有效的基础设施管理。

Effective allocation of funds for bridge management poses a key challenge nationwide, as bridges continue to deteriorate and undergo exposure to heavier permissible truck traffic which collectively aggravate their vulnerability to natural hazards. Meanwhile, public safety, industry and economic development depend upon a reliable bridge and transportation network under operational loads and post-extreme events. This project provides a transparent approach to prioritize and select bridge management actions for natural hazards in light of heightened truck loads, funding allocation patterns, and a condition of deficient structures, neglected hazard protection and limited budgets. To propel a new approach to bridge inventory management, this research will: (1) Derive surrogate models for efficient performance assessment of bridges across a network considering seismic hazards and heightened truck traffic by taking advantage of emerging statistical learning techniques. (2) Develop new prioritization approaches to rank critical bridges for upgrade that account for their vulnerability to extreme events and role within the transportation network including enabling freight flow. (3) Select mitigation actions for bridges that achieve safety and seismic hazard protection, while reflecting typical aid allocation preferences and past project experience. Through this approach, the need for risk mitigation from natural hazards such as earthquakes can be balanced with requirements for upgrade of deteriorating bridges that must sustain heavier truck traffic and freight throughput. Hence bridge management solutions can be achieved which address both operational load demands and seismic hazard protection for improved bridge network performance.This project will have a direct influence on improving public safety by protecting US bridge infrastructure subjected to natural hazards within the context of increasing operational loads and deterioration. Furthermore, interstate commerce and economic development will benefit from improved safety and efficiency of transportation infrastructure, including wise investment of scarce funds to avoid load limitations on bridges and improve connectivity and freight flow across transportation networks, even when subjected to seismic hazards. Working closely with stakeholders will help to ensure the relevance of intervention actions to address practical infrastructure challenges and promote adoption into next generation short and long-term bridge management programs, using a case study in South Carolina to test and refine the proposed bridge and network assessment, ranking, and intervention methodology. Such test bed execution and interaction with relevant stakeholders can engage students in solving real world problems and facilitate translation of the research to practice. The integrated research and education program will have a broad impact on the preparation and experiences of future engineers prepared to tackle US infrastructure challenges. Students will benefit from a multi-disciplinary research team and development activities that provide civic-minded training for engineering students to advance their participation in effective infrastructure management with heightened awareness of the socio-economic and political contexts of infrastructure improvement programs.