RAPID/Collaborative Research: Multi-Hazard Damage to Puerto Rico's Civil Infrastructure - Investigation of the Interactions of 2017 Hurricane Maria and 2020 Earthquake Sequence

快速/协作研究：波多黎各民用基础设施遭受的多重灾害损害 - 调查 2017 年飓风玛丽亚和 2020 年地震序列的相互作用

• 批准号: 2022427
• 负责人: Jamie Padgett
• 金额: $ 2.93万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2022427&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Multi; Hazard

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) grant will gather perishable data documenting structural damage to historic buildings and port structures in the Ponce, Puerto Rico, area following the 2020 Puerto Rico Earthquake Sequence (M6.4 on January 7, 2020). This project aims to identify the compounding impacts of Hurricane Maria in September 2017 and the 2020 earthquake sequence on structures in Puerto Rico. Traditionally, post-disaster damage assessment activities focus on one hazard and overlook the potentially destructive cascading effects of multiple hazards on structures. In some cases, the capacity losses due to an initial hazard, combined with incomplete restoration efforts, can significantly impact the performance of a structure under subsequent hazards. The lack of sufficient field data for a variety of multi-hazard impact cases prevents the engineering community from accurately characterizing some of the structural failure modes observed after extreme events and developing mitigation strategies to reduce the failures. This project will collect perishable structural damage data that can inform research on potential multi-hazard mitigation strategies for the design of new structures and the retrofit of existing ones. This will improve the safety of structures in future extreme events and minimize the socioeconomic impacts of hazards. In the short term, the findings of this project can contribute to the recovery efforts in Puerto Rico by highlighting the importance of understanding multi-hazard vulnerabilities. By involving several graduate students and early career faculty in the field data collection, data processing, and subsequent multi-hazard analyses, this project will support future workforce development in the area of natural hazard mitigation. Data from this project will be archived and made publicly available in the National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Data Depot (https:/www.DesignSafe-ci.org). This project contributes to NSF's role in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program and the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program. The project team will travel to Puerto Rico in February and March 2020 to collect a comprehensive data set of structural performance including geotagged pictures, 3D models, and infrared images, using equipment from the NHERI RAPID facility at the University of Washington, to document several unexpected or understudied vulnerabilities of structures observed after the earthquake sequence. The project team will focus on gathering the following data: 1) structures and sites that have experienced soil erosion during Hurricane Maria, 2) structures that lost some of the perimeter or insulation elements during the hurricane and were not repaired before the earthquake sequence occurred, 3) structures located on slopes that were susceptible to landslides or lateral spreading, 4) landslide-driven hydrologic effects of Maria that may have been worsened during the earthquakes, 5) structures that were repaired after Maria by adding/attaching heavy components to provide stability under high winds but not beneficial to reduce seismic loads, 6) flexible structures that were retrofitted by adding rigid bracing or supports, 7) structures onshore that were exposed to corrosive seawater due to the hurricane storm surge, 8) structures that showed signs of damage after the occurrence of the aftershocks, and 9) structural design concepts such as elevated construction to avoid flooding that make structures vulnerable to earthquakes. This data will be used to understand if the impacts of Hurricane Maria, such as inundation, erosion, saltwater exposure, water damage, and structural damage to external components, resulted in an increased level of damage or caused unexpected modes of structural failure during the 2020 earthquake sequence. The information collected will also be used to determine if post-hurricane retrofit measures changed how structures performed under the seismic events. This project's data will help the natural hazards research community build a database in the NHERI Data Depot that documents the sequential impacts of hurricanes and earthquakes on structures. This database can be used for subsequent multi-hazard research studies to improve the performance of structures subjected to multiple hazard events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项快速响应研究（快速）将收集可腐烂的数据，记录在2020年波多黎各地震序列（2020年1月7日的M6.4）之后，波多黎各的庞塞（Ponce）对历史建筑物和港口结构的结构损害。该项目旨在确定玛丽亚飓风在2017年9月的复杂影响以及2020年地震序列对波多黎各的结构。传统上，灾后损害评估活动的重点是一种危害，并忽略了多种危害对结构的潜在破坏性级联效应。在某些情况下，由于初始危害而造成的容量损失，再加上不完整的恢复工作，可能会严重影响结构在随后的危害下的性能。缺乏多种多危险撞击案例的足够的现场数据，使工程界无法准确表征极端事件后观察到的某些结构性故障模式，并制定了减少失败的缓解策略。该项目将收集易腐烂的结构损害数据，可以为设计新结构的设计和现有研究的改造提供有关潜在的多危害缓解策略的研究。这将改善未来极端事件中结构的安全性，并最大程度地减少危害的社会经济影响。在短期内，该项目的发现可以通过强调了解多危险漏洞的重要性来为波多黎各的恢复工作做出贡献。 通过让几名研究生和早期职业教师参与现场数据收集，数据处理以及随后的多危险分析，该项目将支持减轻自然危害领域的未来劳动力发展。该项目的数据将在国家科学基金会（NSF）支持的自然危害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）数据仓库（https：/www.designsignsafe-ci.org）中公开归档并公开提供。该项目有助于NSF在减少国家地震危害计划中的作用和国家风暴影响减少计划。项目团队将使用华盛顿大学的NHERI Rapid设施的设备记录了几种意外或被脑性的结构脆弱性，该项目团队将于2月和2020年2月和2020年3月和2020年3月一起收集结构性绩效的全面数据集，包括地理位置的图片，3D型号和红外图像。项目团队将专注于收集以下数据：1）在玛丽亚飓风期间经历过土壤侵蚀的结构和地点，2）在飓风期间失去某些外围或绝缘元素的结构，未在地震序列发生之前修复，3）位于斜坡上的斜坡上，可能会遇到过时的斜坡，以至于曾经遇到过陆地的水平，该斜坡曾经散布了陆地，曾经散布了4）。在地震期间，5）玛丽亚在玛丽亚修复的结构增加/附着较重的组件以在强风下提供稳定性，但对减少地震负荷无益，6）6）通过增加刚性支撑或支撑的柔性结构，7）在越来越多的僵化的结构，这些结构在发生腐蚀性海上造成的腐蚀性海上暴风雨中，这些结构显示出了8），这些结构显示出了急剧的腐蚀性，这些结构迹象表明了8）的象征。余震和9）结构设计概念，例如升高的结构，以避免洪水使结构容易受到地震的影响。这些数据将用于了解飓风玛丽亚的影响，例如淹没，侵蚀，盐水暴露，水损伤和对外部组件的结构损害，导致损害的水平增加或在2020年地震序列期间导致意外的结构性故障模式。收集到的信息还将用于确定纯种后改造措施是否改变了地震事件下的结构的方式。该项目的数据将有助于自然危害研究社区在NHERI数据仓库中构建数据库，该数据库记录了飓风和地震对结构的顺序影响。该数据库可用于随后的多危险研究研究，以提高受到多个危害事件的结构的性能。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估标准来通过评估来支持的。