Seismic Observatory for Community Resilience - A Program to Learn from Earthquakes

世界各地的城市中心都受到地震的威胁。地震对社区的影响取决于地震的震级和地点，以及社区对未来地震的计划情况。社区对地震的复原力取决于个人、家庭、企业和地区在灾难袭击后生存和恢复的能力。通过研究地震灾区哪些有效，哪些无效，可以获得最好的抗震力经验。这项提议将设计和实施一项有重点的地震勘察工作，以加快对地震恢复力的了解，从而实现知识的重大飞跃。拟议的研究工作建立在备受赞誉的数十年和多学科的EERI从地震中学习(LFE)计划的基础上，但它建议对LFE计划进行重大改变和重新定位，以实现更好地了解社区恢复能力的目标结果。一个多学科地震恢复能力小组将指导地震勘察，以最大限度地了解与美国相关的恢复能力；进行侧重于地震恢复能力的震后调查工作；开发系统收集、归档和传播结果的方法；并准备一份总结该项目主要发现的综合报告。拟议计划的智力价值在于：(A)确定有助于或抑制美国社区地震复原力的关键物理和人为因素，以及(B)酌情通过在美国和世界各地进行有针对性的地震勘察来探索这些因素。在这一过程中，将更好地了解促进或减缓复苏的物质、社会、经济、治理和体制因素。通过了解这些复杂的情况及其在灾后环境中的相互作用，需要应对的重大挑战将会出现。通过解决这些挑战，将获得复原力知识的进步。最终目标是在灾难发生之前提高社区的地震复原力。

Urban centers worldwide are threatened by earthquakes. The effects of an earthquake on a community depend on the magnitude and location of the earthquake as well as on how well the community has planned for the future earthquake. Community resiliency to an earthquake depends on the capacity of individuals, households, businesses, and region to survive and to recover after a disaster strikes. The best lessons for earthquake resiliency can be obtained by the study of what worked and didn't work in regions that are struck by earthquakes. This proposal will design and conduct a focused earthquake reconnaissance effort to accelerate learning about seismic resiliency, such that a significant leap in knowledge can be made. The proposed research effort builds on the acclaimed multi-decade and multi-disciplinary EERI Learning From Earthquakes (LFE) program, but it proposes a major change and refocus of the LFE program to achieve the target result of superior understanding of community resiliency.A multidisciplinary Seismic Resilience Panel will guide earthquake reconnaissance to maximize resilience learning relevant to the U.S.; to conduct post-earthquake reconnaissance efforts focused on seismic resilience; to develop methods for systematic data collection, archiving, and dissemination of the findings; and to prepare a synthesis report summarizing the principal findings of the project. The intellectual merit of the proposed program lies in (a) defining the key physical and human elements that contribute to, or inhibit, seismic resilience in U.S. communities, and (b) exploring those elements through focused earthquake reconnaissance in the U.S. and worldwide, as appropriate. In the process, better understanding of the physical, social, economic, governance and institutional factors that facilitate or slow recovery will be achieved. By understanding these complex conditions and their interactions in the post-disaster environment, the grand challenges that need to be addressed will emerge. Through the solution of these challenges advancement in resilience knowledge will be gained. The ultimate goal is to improve the seismic resilience of communities in advance of disasters.