A Comprehensive Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Storm Water: Application of Natural Carbon Isotopes to Evaluate the Efficacy of Bioretention Systems

雨水中石油烃的综合分析：应用天然碳同位素评估生物滞留系统的功效

• 批准号: 1236224
• 负责人: Jay Martin
• 金额: $ 32.04万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-01 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1236224&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comprehensive; Analysis; Petroleum; Hydrocarbons; Storm

1236224 (Martin). Bioretention systems are increasingly used as storm water best management practices (BMPs). While successfully employed in many aspects of storm water management, there is as yet no real understanding of whether or how these systems reduce the total range of petroleum hydrocarbons typically found in storm waters. Exceedingly high hydrocarbon (HC) concentrations from sources such as driveway dust and oils from parking lots, highlight the need to find effective methods to remove these carcinogenic and mutagenic pollutants from storm water before they accumulate in downstream water bodies. The proposed study will address this need by using a natural carbon isotope approach to evaluate the effectiveness of bioretention systems in reducing total petroleum HCs found in storm waters in order to improve environmental quality and human health. Past studies of the effectiveness of water treatment technologies have been limited because conventional approaches and analytical methods of analysis for petroleum HCs (i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAH] and/or "total petroleum hydrocarbons" [TPH]) only track selected compounds present in storm water. Because of the ability to differentiate between 'new carbon' from contemporary sources and ?fossil carbon? from petroleum HCs, analysis of natural 14C and 13C can identify the contributions of all petroleum-derived HCs present in storm water. The proposed research is significant because it will: (1) be the first to assess whether a storm water treatment technology - in this case bioretention systems - can reduce total petroleum HCs as opposed to proxy subsets of these harmful compounds as tracked by conventional analyses, and (2) determine if conventional monitoring of subsets of petroleum HCs in storm water is sufficient and can be used as proxies for total HCs, or if more extensive monitoring is warranted. Knowledge gained from this study should improve the design of bioretention systems to maximize water quality improvements, and offer important insights into monitoring approaches for HCs in storm water to protect public and environmental health. This research will be linked to education by the sinvolvent of students who will be mentored by an interdisciplinary group of researchers with expertise in ecological engineering, carbon isotope biogeochemistry, and organic chemistry. Experiential learning will take place as students from the Ecological Engineering student club at Ohio State work with students from a local high school to design and construct a bioretention system on the high school campus. Because the majority of the high school students are minorities, this collaborative arrangement will enhance the participation of underrepresented groups in STEM education. To broadly disseminate results, there will be collaboration with the Central Ohio Rain Garden Initiative to include project findings on their public webpage and in press releases. An additional societal benefit from this research will be design and management guidelines to enhance the reduction of storm water flows and pollutants by affordable and effective bioretention systems.

1236224（马丁）。 生物滞留系统越来越多地被用作雨水最佳管理实践。虽然成功地应用于暴雨水管理的许多方面，但对于这些系统是否或如何减少通常在暴雨沃茨中发现的石油烃的总范围，还没有真实的理解。来自停车场的车道灰尘和油等来源的碳氢化合物（HC）浓度过高，突出表明需要找到有效的方法，在雨水积聚在下游水体之前将这些致癌和致突变污染物从雨水中去除。拟议的研究将通过使用天然碳同位素方法来评估生物滞留系统在减少风暴沃茨中发现的石油碳氢化合物总量方面的有效性，以改善环境质量和人类健康，从而满足这一需求。过去对水处理技术有效性的研究一直受到限制，因为石油碳氢化合物的传统分析方法（即，多环芳烃[PAH]和/或“总石油烃”[TPH]）仅追踪存在于雨水中的选定化合物。 因为有能力区分“新碳”从当代来源和？化石碳？通过分析天然14 C和13 C，可以确定雨水中存在的所有源自石油的碳氢化合物的贡献。拟议的研究意义重大，因为它将：（1）首先评估雨水处理技术-此处指生物滞留系统-是否能够减少石油类碳氢化合物总量，而不是通过常规分析追踪的这些有害化合物的替代亚类，以及（2）确定对雨水中石油类碳氢化合物亚类的常规监测是否足够，是否可用作碳氢化合物总量的替代指标，或者是否需要进行更广泛的监测。 从这项研究中获得的知识应改善生物滞留系统的设计，以最大限度地改善水质，并提供重要的见解监测方法的HC在雨水中，以保护公众和环境健康。 这项研究将与学生的教育联系起来，学生将由一个具有生态工程，碳同位素地球化学和有机化学专业知识的跨学科研究人员小组指导。体验式学习将发生在俄亥俄州生态工程学生俱乐部的学生与当地高中的学生一起设计和建造高中校园的生物滞留系统。由于大多数高中生是少数民族，这种合作安排将提高代表性不足的群体在STEM教育中的参与。为了广泛传播成果，将与中央俄亥俄州雨水花园倡议合作，在其公共网页和新闻稿中列入项目结果。 这项研究的另一个社会效益将是设计和管理准则，以提高负担得起的和有效的生物滞留系统减少雨水流量和污染物。