COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Virus removal in membrane bioreactors: Role of virus aggregation and adhesion

合作研究：膜生物反应器中的病毒去除：病毒聚集和粘附的作用

• 批准号: 1236672
• 负责人: Thanh Nguyen
• 金额: $ 19.06万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1236672&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Virus; removal; membrane

1236672/1236393Nguyen/Tarabara Aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have become a state-of-the-art technology for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. Compared to traditional activated sludge reactors, advantages of MBR include smaller footprint and better effluent quality. MBRs have become a particularly attractive treatment choice for water reuse. In reuse applications or when the effluent is released to sensitive water bodies such as recreational water, it is especially important that viral pathogens are removed so that public health is not threatened. Comprehensive studies of virus fate in MBRs are currently lacking yet required for wider application of MBR technology, including decentralized water reuse with variable influent quality. The PIs will systematically investigate the role of virus adhesion and aggregation on virus removal in MBRs. The central hypothesis is that the extent of virus adhesion to extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) counter-correlates with virus passage through the membrane. The experimental plan consists of the following tasks: (1) conduct bench-scale aerobic MBR studies with flat sheet and hollow fiber membranes of varied pore size; in a subset of tests operating conditions will mimic those used in the CH2M Hill full-scale MBR facility in Traverse City, MI, (2) characterize SMP, EPS, and membrane biofilm harvested from the bench-scale MBR system and the full-scale MBR plant, (3) quantify virus aggregation and adhesion to fouled membranes using SMP and EPS characterized in Task 2, (4) correlate adhesion and aggregation with the removal of virus by fouled membranes at different stages of biofilm development, and (5) evaluate virus removal in MBRs using cell culture-dependent methods and quantitative PCR. Adenovirus is selected as target virus for this study. The findings will have the potential for transforming MBR design criteria particularly as they pertain to membrane selection. While MBR-based treatment relies on the membrane to ensure an appropriate separation barrier, virus removal has not been a criterion in designing MBRs. As our technological, economic and social attitudes and approaches toward water shift from the unidirectional resource-to-waste approach toward the concept of sustainable reuse, stricter control over microbiological quality of treated used water becomes a question of when rather than if. With this in mind, we see the practical end of the research we propose in informing the decision-making process reqiered for the development of water reuse policies and regulations of the near future. Successful completion of this project will provide scientific basis for re-conceptualizing MBR design and operation to accommodate virus removal as one of design criteria and treatment goals. The project brings together a diverse team of PIs with a complimentary set of skills including interfacial science, membrane processes, and environmental microbiology and an industrial partner representing a full-scale MBR facility. A group of graduate and undergraduate students co-advised by all PIs will be provided a range of learning opportunities in an environment that combines academic studies, laboratory research in collaboration with the industrial sector, and international work. We will organize annual mini-symposia - at UIUC (year 1), MSU (year 2), and at the Traverse City MBR facility (year 3) where project participants will present their findings, discuss future research and receive feedback from the industrial partner.

1236672/1236393Nguyen/Tarabara 好氧膜生物反应器 (MBR) 已成为市政和工业废水处理的最先进技术。与传统的活性污泥反应器相比，MBR 的优点包括占地面积更小、出水水质更好。 MBR 已成为水回用特别有吸引力的处理选择。在再利用应用中或当废水被排放到敏感水体（例如娱乐水）时，去除病毒病原体尤其重要，这样公众健康才不会受到威胁。目前缺乏对 MBR 中病毒命运的全面研究，但需要更广泛地应用 MBR 技术，包括不同进水水质的分散式水回用。 PI 将系统地研究病毒粘附和聚集对 MBR 中病毒去除的作用。核心假设是病毒与细胞外聚合物（EPS）和可溶性微生物产物（SMP）的粘附程度与病毒穿过膜的能力呈反相关。实验计划包括以下任务：（1）利用不同孔径的平板膜和中空纤维膜进行小规模好氧MBR研究；在测试子集中，操作条件将模仿密歇根州特拉弗斯市的 CH2M Hill 全尺寸 MBR 设施中使用的条件，(2) 表征从小型 MBR 系统和全尺寸 MBR 工厂收获的 SMP、EPS 和膜生物膜，(3) 使用任务 2 中表征的 SMP 和 EPS 量化病毒聚集和对污染膜的粘附，(4) 将粘附和聚集与生物膜形成的不同阶段的污染膜去除病毒相关联，并且（5）使用细胞培养依赖性方法和定量PCR评估MBR中的病毒去除。 本研究选择腺病毒作为目标病毒。这些发现将有可能改变 MBR 设计标准，特别是与膜选择有关的标准。虽然基于 MBR 的处理依靠膜来确保适当的分离屏障，但病毒去除并不是设计 MBR 的标准。随着我们对水的技术、经济和社会态度和方法从单向资源转化为废物的方法转向可持续再利用的概念，对处理过的水的微生物质量进行更严格的控制成为何时而不是是否的问题。考虑到这一点，我们看到了我们提出的研究的实际目的，即为近期水回用政策和法规的制定所需的决策过程提供信息。 该项目的成功完成将为重新概念化MBR设计和操作提供科学依据，以将病毒去除作为设计标准和治疗目标之一。该项目汇集了一支多元化的 PI 团队，他们拥有一套互补的技能，包括界面科学、膜工艺和环境微生物学，以及代表全规模 MBR 设施的工业合作伙伴。所有 PI 共同指导的一组研究生和本科生将在学术研究、与工业部门合作的实验室研究和国际工作相结合的环境中获得一系列学习机会。我们将在 UIUC（第一年）、MSU（第二年）和特拉弗斯城 MBR 设施（第三年）组织年度小型研讨会，项目参与者将在会上展示他们的发现，讨论未来的研究并接收工业合作伙伴的反馈。