IRES Water Quality and Household Energy in Post-Earthquake Nepal: Long Term Protection of Community Health

震后尼泊尔的IRES水质和家庭能源：社区健康的长期保护这个IRES奖项汇集了来自美国和尼泊尔的不同社区的研究人员和学生。除了直接与本地和国际科学家合作外，美国学生还将通过博客与其他本科生和研究生交流国际研究经验。参与者还将在当地合作者的帮助下编写教育材料，帮助东道国的社区成员了解情况。回国后，学生将通过专业研讨会和科学出版物展示他们的研究成果。通过该计划培训的学生将成为未来国际发展精英队伍的领导者，通过培养不同学科和技能的人的互动来减少传染病对人类健康的影响，以满足世界各地的水、卫生和家庭能源需求。这项美国-尼泊尔国际学生研究经验（IRES）项目支持伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校（UIUC）、尼泊尔环境与公共卫生组织（ENPHO）、尼泊尔农村技术中心（cr - n）、尼泊尔工程学院（IOE）和尼泊尔卫生服务部的研究人员之间的伙伴关系。该项目为期三年，每年将有三名美国本科生和三名美国研究生参加，总共有18名参与者，在尼泊尔的多个研究地点研究地震等自然灾害对微生物水质和卫生措施的影响。在UIUC完成培训和研究准备后，学生将前往尼泊尔，在那里他们将接受来自合作机构的教授和研究人员的共同指导。每个学生的研究训练将包括在受影响地区规划和执行饮用水取样实地战略的经验；采访当地居民，了解卫生习惯和救援工作的可持续性；收集水传播疾病的数据。在加德满都完成每个部分的野外工作和样品处理后，参与者返回UIUC准备收集的样品进行宏基因组学、16S和18S测序、qPCR和生物信息学分析。将对这些进行研究，以确定收集的水样中的机会致病菌，以及不同卫生习惯下的存在模式。结果将为发展中国家极端自然事件后暴发腹泻疾病的风险以及人类活动如何增加或减少这些风险提供新的见解。

IRES Water Quality and Household Energy in Post-Earthquake Nepal: Long Term Protection of Community HealthNon-technical descriptionThis IRES award brings together a diverse community of researchers and students from the United States and Nepal. In addition to working directly with local and international scientists, U.S. students will communicate to other undergraduate and graduate students through blogging about international research experience. Participants will also develop education materials, with help from local collaborators, to help inform community members in host countries. Upon return to their home institution, students will present their results through professional seminars and scientific publications. The students trained by this proposed program will be the future leaders of an elite international development workforce diminishing the impact of infectious disease on human health by nurturing the interaction of persons of different disciplines and skill sets to meet water, sanitation, and household energy needs worldwide.Technical descriptionThis U.S. - Nepal international research experience for students (IRES) project supports partnership between researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), the Environment and Public Health Organization, Nepal (ENPHO), the Center for Rural Technology Nepal (CRT-N), the Institute of Engineering, Nepal (IOE) and the Nepal Department of Health Services. Over a three-year period, this program will engage three U.S. undergraduate and three U.S. graduate students annually, for a total of eighteen participants, at multiple research sites in Nepal to study the aftermath of natural disaster like earthquake on microbial water quality compounded with sanitation practices. Following training and research preparation at UIUC, students will travel to Nepal, where they will be co-mentored by professors and researchers from the partner institutes. Each student's research training will include experience with planning and implementation of field strategies for drinking water sampling in the affected areas; interviewing local people to understand the sanitation practices and the sustainability of relief efforts; and data collection on waterborne illnesses. Following each portion of fieldwork and sample processing in Kathmandu, participants return to UIUC to prepare collected samples for metagenomics, 16S and 18S sequencing, qPCR and bioinformatics analysis. These will be studied to identify opportunistic pathogens in collected water sample, and patterns of presence with different sanitation practices. Results will provide new insights on the risks of outbreak of diarrheal diseases after extreme natural events in developing world, and how human practices may increase or decrease these risks.