IRES Water Quality and Household Energy in Post-Earthquake Nepal: Long Term Protection of Community Health

IRES地震后尼泊尔的水质和家庭能源：社区健康的长期保护非技术描述IRES奖汇集了来自美国和尼泊尔的不同社区的研究人员和学生。除了直接与当地和国际科学家合作外，美国学生还将通过博客与其他本科生和研究生交流国际研究经验。与会者还将在当地合作者的帮助下编写教育材料，以帮助向东道国的社区成员提供信息。回国后，学生们将通过专业研讨会和科学出版物展示他们的成果。通过这一拟议计划培养的学生将成为未来国际发展精英队伍的领导者，通过培养不同学科和技能组合的人之间的互动来满足世界范围内的水、卫生和家庭能源需求，从而减少传染病对人类健康的影响。技术说明这个美国-尼泊尔国际学生研究经验项目(IRES)支持来自伊利诺伊大学香槟分校(UIUC)、尼泊尔环境和公共卫生组织(ENPHO)、尼泊尔农村技术中心(CRT-N)、尼泊尔工程学院(IOE)和尼泊尔卫生部的研究人员之间的合作伙伴关系。在为期三年的时间里，该项目每年将在尼泊尔的多个研究地点吸引三名美国本科生和三名美国研究生，总共18名参与者，研究地震等自然灾害对微生物水质的影响，并结合卫生实践。在UIUC的培训和研究准备之后，学生将前往尼泊尔，在那里他们将得到来自合作机构的教授和研究人员的共同指导。每个学生的研究培训将包括在受影响地区规划和实施实地饮用水抽样战略的经验；采访当地人以了解卫生做法和救济工作的可持续性；以及收集关于水传播疾病的数据。在加德满都的实地考察和样品处理的每一部分之后，参与者返回UIUC，准备收集的样品，用于元基因组学、16S和18S测序、定量聚合酶链式反应和生物信息学分析。将对这些进行研究，以确定收集的水样中的机会性病原体，以及不同卫生做法下的存在模式。这些结果将为发展中国家在极端自然事件后爆发腹泻疾病的风险以及人类行为如何增加或降低这些风险提供新的见解。

IRES Water Quality and Household Energy in Post-Earthquake Nepal: Long Term Protection of Community HealthNon-technical descriptionThis IRES award brings together a diverse community of researchers and students from the United States and Nepal. In addition to working directly with local and international scientists, U.S. students will communicate to other undergraduate and graduate students through blogging about international research experience. Participants will also develop education materials, with help from local collaborators, to help inform community members in host countries. Upon return to their home institution, students will present their results through professional seminars and scientific publications. The students trained by this proposed program will be the future leaders of an elite international development workforce diminishing the impact of infectious disease on human health by nurturing the interaction of persons of different disciplines and skill sets to meet water, sanitation, and household energy needs worldwide.Technical descriptionThis U.S. - Nepal international research experience for students (IRES) project supports partnership between researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), the Environment and Public Health Organization, Nepal (ENPHO), the Center for Rural Technology Nepal (CRT-N), the Institute of Engineering, Nepal (IOE) and the Nepal Department of Health Services. Over a three-year period, this program will engage three U.S. undergraduate and three U.S. graduate students annually, for a total of eighteen participants, at multiple research sites in Nepal to study the aftermath of natural disaster like earthquake on microbial water quality compounded with sanitation practices. Following training and research preparation at UIUC, students will travel to Nepal, where they will be co-mentored by professors and researchers from the partner institutes. Each student's research training will include experience with planning and implementation of field strategies for drinking water sampling in the affected areas; interviewing local people to understand the sanitation practices and the sustainability of relief efforts; and data collection on waterborne illnesses. Following each portion of fieldwork and sample processing in Kathmandu, participants return to UIUC to prepare collected samples for metagenomics, 16S and 18S sequencing, qPCR and bioinformatics analysis. These will be studied to identify opportunistic pathogens in collected water sample, and patterns of presence with different sanitation practices. Results will provide new insights on the risks of outbreak of diarrheal diseases after extreme natural events in developing world, and how human practices may increase or decrease these risks.