RAPID: Characterization of Pathogens in Water, Soil and Animal Facilities for Resilience Assessment of Civil Infrastructure After Extreme Weather Events

RAPID：水、土壤和动物设施中病原体的表征，用于极端天气事件后民用基础设施的复原力评估

• 批准号: 1901754
• 负责人: Thanh Nguyen
• 金额: $ 6万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-11-15 至 2020-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1901754&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Characterization; Pathogens; Water; Soil

Hurricane Florence caused extensive flooding in North Carolina. Facilities housing thousands of pigs and millions of chickens were flooded, causing the spread of the hog waste, manure, animal residue and potentially releasing dangerous pathogens into the water. The inundation after hurricanes may lead to the outbreak of one or more In agricultural-dependent coastal regions and the joint impact of extreme natural events on human and animal infrastructure has not been studied. A robust civil infrastructure (animal shelters, water distribution and treatment systems, transportation, and animal waste lagoons) is critical to minimize these interactions and to limit the outbreak of diseases after a natural disaster. Surveillance and detection of a broad range of pathogens are not usually initiated until a few human cases of infection are reported. This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project will collect key data on the presence and abundance of pathogens, which are often assumed otherwise, leading to potentially inaccurate reactive resource allocation strategies for disease outbreak prevention and containment.The objective of this RAPID project is to use genomic epidemiology combined with bioinformatics and computational phylogenetic analyses to track pathogen sources and dispersal in water bodies to create spatial pathogenic profiles. Water and soil samples will be systematically collected near flooded farms with upstream locations serving as controls. Results from field data collection and associated analysis will provide data on the abundance, presence, and source of pathogens in water to assess the functionality of water infrastructure in the studied regions. The pathogen profiles will be combined with the human population, socio-demographics, infrastructure damage information, and data from a rapid flood model to develop a preliminary index which will characterize the spatial risk of disease outbreaks in the affected region. The analysis will help provide guidance on where to focus countermeasures (infrastructure rehabilitation, medicines, emergency personal, relief, and clean water supplies) to contain the risk of infection.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

飓风佛罗伦斯在北卡罗来纳州造成大面积洪水。饲养数千头猪和数百万只鸡的设施被洪水淹没，导致生猪粪便、粪便、动物残渣扩散，并可能将危险的病原体释放到水中。飓风后的洪水可能导致依赖农业的沿海地区爆发一种或多种，​​而极端自然事件对人类和动物基础设施的联合影响尚未得到研究。强大的民用基础设施（动物收容所、供水和处理系统、交通和动物粪便泻湖）对于最大限度地减少这些相互作用并限制自然灾害后疾病的爆发至关重要。通常直到报告了几例人类感染病例后才开始对多种病原体进行监测和检测。该快速反应研究 (RAPID) 项目将收集有关病原体存在和丰度的关键数据，而这些数据通常被假设为其他数据，从而导致疾病爆发预防和遏制的反应性资源分配策略可能不准确。该项目的目标是利用基因组流行病学结合生物信息学和计算系统发育分析来跟踪病原体来源和在水体中的传播，以创建空间致病谱。将在被淹没的农场附近系统地收集水和土壤样本，并以上游地点作为对照。现场数据收集和相关分析的结果将提供有关水中病原体的丰度、存在和来源的数据，以评估研究区域水基础设施的功能。病原体概况将与人口、社会人口统计、基础设施损坏信息和快速洪水模型的数据相结合，以制定初步指数，该指数将描述受影响地区疾病爆发的空间风险。该分析将有助于为控制感染风险的对策（基础设施修复、药品、紧急个人、救济和清洁水供应）提供指导。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。