RSG: The evolution of vibrational communication in island endemics: function, fitness implications, ontogeny, and phylogeny of seismic signaling in the New Zealand Deinacrida

RSG：岛屿特有种振动通讯的演变：新西兰Deinacrida地震信号的功能、适应性影响、个体发育和系统发育

• 批准号: 1237606
• 负责人: Daniel Howard
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Augustana University Association
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1237606&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RSG; evolution; vibrational; communication; island

Understanding the functional mechanisms and evolutionary origins of animal communication through substrate borne vibration is an important problem in behavioral ecology. The availability of technologies such as portable laser Doppler vibrometers, highly sensitive piezoelectric films and transducers, and portable neurophysiology preparations allow investigators to address a broad array of questions associated with vibrational communication. This research tests hypotheses regarding the form, function, fitness implications, ontogeny, and phylogeny of vibrational communication among the extant New Zealand Deinacrida. This work addresses the following questions with respect to each of the eleven species of New Zealand giant weta: 1) Does the species produce vibrational signals for the purpose of intraspecific communication, and if so what are the spectral and temporal characteristics of the signals? 2) What is the neurophysiological range of response to seismic stimuli in the species? 3) Under what social contexts are the signals produced, and does signal character change with context? 4) What are the fitness related implications for vibrational signaling in the species (assessment benefits in inter male contests, female assessment of mate condition)? 5) How does the use of vibration change over the course of development in the species (predator avoidance to reproductive function)? 6) How do the form and function of vibrational signals compare between species? , and 7) Is there a relationship between vibrational signaling and ecological niche? In the last two decades there has been a growing interest in understanding the functional mechanisms and evolutionary origins of animal communication. New technologies such as portable laser Doppler vibrometers allow investigators to address a broad array of questions associated with vibrational communication in insects. This work will improve understanding of the selective pressures and evolutionary patterns that have resulted in the prevalence of vibrational signaling for communication. Using laser Doppler vibrometry in the field, extracellular electrophysiology in the laboratory, together with sound and high-speed video analysis of the New Zealand giant weta, key hypotheses in vibrative communication will be tested. Data collection and analysis will be performed by undergraduate research students from Augustana College and by students of Maori descent enrolled at Victoria University of Wellington.

通过基片传播的振动来了解动物交流的功能机制和进化起源是行为生态学的一个重要问题。便携式激光多普勒测振仪、高灵敏度压电薄膜和换能器以及便携式神经生理学准备等技术的可用性使研究人员能够解决与振动通信相关的广泛问题。本研究测试假设的形式，功能，健身的影响，个体发育，和现存的新西兰Deinacrida之间的振动通信。这项工作解决了以下问题的11个物种的新西兰大沙蜥：1）物种产生的振动信号的目的是种内通信，如果是这样的信号的频谱和时间特性是什么？2)该物种对地震刺激的神经生理反应范围是多少？3)这些信号是在什么样的社会语境下产生的，信号的特征是否会随着语境的变化而变化？4)什么是健身相关的影响振动信号的物种（评估利益之间的男性竞争，女性评估配偶条件）？5)在物种的发展过程中，振动的使用是如何变化的（从躲避捕食者到生殖功能）？6)不同物种之间振动信号的形式和功能有何不同？振动信号与生态位之间是否存在关系？在过去的二十年里，人们对理解动物交流的功能机制和进化起源越来越感兴趣。新技术，如便携式激光多普勒测振仪，使研究人员能够解决与昆虫振动通信相关的一系列广泛问题。这项工作将提高对选择压力和进化模式的理解，这些压力和进化模式导致了振动信号的传播。在现场使用激光多普勒振动仪，在实验室的细胞外电生理学，以及新西兰巨型沙蜥的声音和高速视频分析，振动通信的关键假设将被测试。数据收集和分析将由奥古斯塔纳学院的本科研究生和惠灵顿维多利亚大学的毛利裔学生进行。