CPS: Synergy: A Cyber Physical Framework for Remedial Action Schemes in Large Power Networks

该项目开发了一个通信、计算和控制的综合框架，以了解广域电力系统在面对不可预测干扰时的性能。电力系统由于其极端的尺寸、地理覆盖范围和高可靠性要求而被选为一个特别具有挑战性的数字物理系统(CPS)。研究内容包括：(A)建立一个偏差分方程组(PDE)框架来模拟网络拓扑结构对电力系统稳定性的影响；(B)在PDE模型的基础上设计CPS的通信网络；(C)设计一个控制系统，以解决诸如快速响应和资源限制等挑战；(D)设计一个计算基础设施，它解决了控制电网的计算，特别是在单次快照计算和迭代计算两种情况下控制电网的通信复杂性；以及(E)数百辆公交车的小规模系统模型和~5万辆公交车的超大型系统模型的测试和评估。这项工作有助于更广泛地理解具有高可靠性要求的CP，特别是电网等关键基础设施。现代基础设施是受物理系统控制的复杂的通信和计算系统。拟议的研究有助于通过解决干扰的传播和促进对地理分布的CP的理解来提高可靠性。私人投资促进机构计划开设多个与拟议研究有关的CPS课程。

This project develops an integrated framework of communications, computation and control for understanding wide-area power system performance in the face of unpredictable disturbances. The power system is chosen as a particularly challenging cyber physical system (CPS) due to its extreme dimension, geographic reach and high reliability requirements. The following tasks are studied in the proposed research: (a) a Partial Difference Equation (PdE) framework to model the impact of network topology on the power system stability; (b) the design of a communication network for CPS, based on the PdE modeling;(c) the design of a control system, which addresses the challenges such as fast response and resource constraints; (d) the design of a computing infrastructure, which addresses the computation for controlling the power network, in particular, the communication complexity for controlling the power network in both cases of one-snapshot computation and iterative computations; and (e) the test and evaluation for both small scale system models of several hundred buses and very large system models of ~50,000 buses. This work contributes to the broader understanding of CPS with high reliability requirements, particularly, critical infrastructures such as the power grid. Modern infrastructures are complex systems of communications and computation tied to the controls of the physical system. The proposed research contributes to improved reliability by addressing the propagation of disturbances and advancing the understanding of geographically distributed CPS. The PIs plan to open multiple courses on CPS related to the proposed research.