CPS: Synergy: A Cyber Physical Framework for Remedial Action Schemes in Large Power Networks

该项目开发了一个集成的通信、计算和控制框架，以了解广域电力系统在面对不可预测的干扰时的性能。由于其极端的尺寸、地理覆盖范围和高可靠性要求，电力系统被选为特别具有挑战性的网络物理系统（CPS）。本文主要研究以下内容：(a)利用偏差分方程（PdE）框架来模拟网络拓扑结构对电力系统稳定性的影响；(b)以PdE模型为基础，为CPS设计通讯网络；(c)控制系统的设计，以应对快速反应和资源限制等挑战；(d)计算基础设施的设计，以解决控制电网的计算，特别是在单快照计算和迭代计算两种情况下控制电网的通信复杂性；(e)对数百辆客车的小规模系统模型和~50,000辆客车的超大型系统模型进行测试和评估。这项工作有助于更广泛地了解具有高可靠性要求的CPS，特别是电网等关键基础设施。现代基础设施是复杂的通信和计算系统，与物理系统的控制联系在一起。提出的研究有助于通过解决干扰的传播和推进对地理分布CPS的理解来提高可靠性。各学院计划开设多个与建议研究相关的CPS课程。

This project develops an integrated framework of communications, computation and control for understanding wide-area power system performance in the face of unpredictable disturbances. The power system is chosen as a particularly challenging cyber physical system (CPS) due to its extreme dimension, geographic reach and high reliability requirements. The following tasks are studied in the proposed research: (a) a Partial Difference Equation (PdE) framework to model the impact of network topology on the power system stability; (b) the design of a communication network for CPS, based on the PdE modeling;(c) the design of a control system, which addresses the challenges such as fast response and resource constraints; (d) the design of a computing infrastructure, which addresses the computation for controlling the power network, in particular, the communication complexity for controlling the power network in both cases of one-snapshot computation and iterative computations; and (e) the test and evaluation for both small scale system models of several hundred buses and very large system models of ~50,000 buses. This work contributes to the broader understanding of CPS with high reliability requirements, particularly, critical infrastructures such as the power grid. Modern infrastructures are complex systems of communications and computation tied to the controls of the physical system. The proposed research contributes to improved reliability by addressing the propagation of disturbances and advancing the understanding of geographically distributed CPS. The PIs plan to open multiple courses on CPS related to the proposed research.