Value-Added Postdoctoral Research on the Scientific Workforce

科学劳动力的增值博士后研究

• 批准号: 1247079
• 负责人: Alan Karr
• 金额: $ 22.49万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Statistical Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1247079&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Value; Added; Postdoctoral; Research; Scientific

This postdoctoral research program at the National Institute of Statistical Sciences (NISS) comprises performing innovative research and creating usable products that not only support the mission of the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) but also address the needs of the nation.From a technical perspective, the research is framed by two statistical themes and two key societal issues. The first statistical theme is characterization of uncertainties arising from novel methods of integrating and analyzing data, addressing a critical need in an era of declining data collection budgets and decreasing participation in government surveys. The second theme centers on conducting experiments with real data, simulating phenomena of interest in order to evaluate, and in some cases enable, methodological advances. Key issues regarding surveys, such as how many times and by what means to contact nonrespondents, are too complex to be treated analytically, and infeasible to address with real world experiments; therefore simulation is effectively the only laboratory available. Specific research topics include data integration, prediction, model to design feedback, data-quality-aware statistical disclosure limitation and cost data quality tradeoffs. All Federal statistical agencies stand to benefit from the research, which will produce innovative theory, novel, methodology and algorithmic implementations, together with datasets, analyses, software and insights that inform future data collections.Broader Impacts: The societal issues are labor economics as it relates to the science, engineering and health workforce (SEHW). Understanding phenomena such as salaries, fringe benefits, mobility and training/job relationships is crucial to maintaining the United States' competitiveness in a global economy, as well as to facing the challenges of difficult economic times. The second issue is aging, because other than the role of students born outside of the US, aging is the most important phenomenon taking place in the SEHW (and, arguably, in society as a whole). For both issues, understanding the dramatically increasing richness of observed behaviors within the SEHW is a profound opportunity. New kinds of family structures, shared positions, and an array of forms of post-first-retirement employment are among the central social trends of our times. This project will generate new insights that inform both future research and sound policy.

国家统计科学研究所（NISS）的博士后研究项目包括进行创新研究和创造可用的产品，这些产品不仅支持国家科学与工程统计中心（NCSES）的使命，而且还解决了国家的需求。从技术角度来看，这项研究由两个统计主题和两个关键的社会问题构成。第一个统计主题是描述整合和分析数据的新方法所产生的不确定性，解决数据收集预算下降和政府调查参与减少的时代的关键需求。第二个主题集中在用真实数据进行实验，模拟感兴趣的现象，以便评估，并在某些情况下使方法进步。关于调查的关键问题，如联系非受访者的次数和方式，过于复杂，无法进行分析处理，也无法通过现实世界的实验解决；因此，模拟实际上是唯一可用的实验室。具体的研究课题包括数据集成、预测、模型设计反馈、数据质量意识统计披露限制和成本数据质量权衡。所有联邦统计机构都将从这项研究中受益，这项研究将产生创新的理论、新颖的方法和算法实施，以及为未来数据收集提供信息的数据集、分析、软件和见解。更广泛的影响：社会问题是劳动经济学，因为它涉及到科学，工程和卫生劳动力（SEHW）。理解诸如工资、附加福利、流动性和培训/工作关系等现象对于保持美国在全球经济中的竞争力以及面对经济困难时期的挑战至关重要。第二个问题是老龄化，因为除了在美国以外出生的学生的角色之外，老龄化是SEHW（可以说是整个社会）发生的最重要的现象。对于这两个问题，了解SEHW中观察到的行为的急剧增加是一个深刻的机会。新型的家庭结构、共享的职位和一系列首次退休后的就业形式是我们这个时代的主要社会趋势。该项目将产生新的见解，为未来的研究和合理的政策提供信息。