CAREER: Traveling Fires -- Do They Really Matter?

职业：行云流水——它们真的重要吗？

• 批准号: 1253440
• 负责人: Ann Jeffers
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1253440&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Traveling; Fires; Do; They

The research objective of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) project is to quantify the influence of fire progression on the fire resistance of steel-framed buildings using a simulation-based approach. In particular, a high-resolution fire model will be coupled to a 3D structural model, and parametric studies will be conducted to assess the performance of a prototype steel-framed building given variations in the compartment geometry and ventilation, the type and distribution of the fuel, the location of fire origin, the structural detailing, and other key parameters. The coupling of a fire model to a structural model requires consideration for the transport of data across disparate temporal and spatial scales, thus necessitating the use of novel heat transfer finite elements, sub-cycling, and data homogenization algorithms to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the simulation. Numerical studies of a prototype building under various fire scenarios will provide new insight into the mechanical actions that develop in buildings under non-stationary fires, enabling improvements in the design process to account for detrimental effects that may be attributed to progressing fires. Based on empirical knowledge in the fire science literature and the trends observed in the numerical simulations, a new design fire model will be proposed to more efficiently capture the fundamental nature of progressing fires in the performance-based design of structures for fire. This research has the potential to transform the manner in which buildings are designed for fire hazards by paving the way for more realistic representations of fire behavior in the structural simulation. Numerical studies of fires will shed new light on the sources of conservatism and the potential pitfalls in current design practices, resulting in recommendations to improve the safety and economy of building systems threatened by catastrophic fire. While the focus of the research is on fire safety engineering, it is expected that the research will yield advances that may have applications in the broader context of hazard mitigation and multiphysics simulation. The technical research is infused with a rigorous educational and outreach plan that includes mentored undergraduate and graduate research experiences for women and underrepresented students, the creation of a hands-on museum exhibit regarding building fire safety that will be installed in the Michigan Firehouse Museum, educational research to assess the learning outcomes of a newly established international service-learning program at the University of Michigan, and the coordination of an international workshop/symposium that will facilitate cross-disciplinary collaboration regarding issues that lie at the fire-structure interface.

本学院早期职业发展（CAREER）项目的研究目标是使用基于模拟的方法量化火灾进展对钢框架建筑耐火性能的影响。特别是，高分辨率火灾模型将与三维结构模型相结合，并将进行参数研究，以评估原型钢架建筑的性能，其中包括隔间几何形状和通风，燃料类型和分布，火灾起源位置，结构细节和其他关键参数的变化。火灾模型与结构模型的耦合需要考虑跨不同时间和空间尺度的数据传输，因此需要使用新型传热有限元、子循环和数据均匀化算法来提高模拟的准确性和效率。在各种火灾场景下的原型建筑的数值研究将提供新的洞察力的机械动作，在建筑物发展下的非静止火灾，使设计过程中的改进，以考虑可能归因于不断发展的火灾的不利影响。基于火灾科学文献中的经验知识和在数值模拟中观察到的趋势，将提出一种新的设计火灾模型，以更有效地捕捉火灾结构基于性能设计的基本性质。这项研究有可能改变的方式，建筑物的火灾危险的设计铺平了道路，在结构模拟中的火灾行为更逼真的表示。火灾的数值研究将揭示保守主义的来源和当前设计实践中的潜在陷阱，从而提出建议，以提高受灾难性火灾威胁的建筑系统的安全性和经济性。虽然研究的重点是消防安全工程，但预计研究将取得进展，可能在减灾和多物理场模拟的更广泛背景下应用。技术研究注入了一个严格的教育和推广计划，其中包括指导本科生和研究生的研究经验，为妇女和代表性不足的学生，创建一个动手博物馆展览有关建筑消防安全，将安装在密歇根州消防局博物馆，教育研究，以评估在密歇根大学新成立的国际服务学习计划的学习成果，以及协调一个国际讲习班/专题讨论会，以促进有关火灾-结构界面问题的跨学科合作。