Genome-wide dynamics of neutral and fitness-related variation in a pedigreed population of Florida Scrub-Jays undergoing regional decline

佛罗里达灌丛松鸦纯种种群中中性和健康相关变异的全基因组动态，正在经历区域性衰退

• 批准号: 1257628
• 负责人: John Fitzpatrick
• 金额: $ 73.8万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-02-15 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1257628&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genome; wide; dynamics; neutral; fitness

This study examines genomic consequences of population decline within the endangered Florida Scrub-Jay, a bird species currently disappearing across its entire range. Capitalizing on a remarkable 43-year study of a locally protected population, DNA from 4,000+ individual jays sampled over 25 years will be characterized and compared using 9,000+ genetic markers. Ancestor-descendant pedigree, behavioral and structural characteristics, and lifetime reproductive performance for each individual are well documented. Combining field and whole-genome data for such a large sample of individuals over multiple generations is unprecedented for a wild animal population, providing exceptional opportunity to 1) measure how a contracting population changes genetically through time; 2) associate specific genes with individual variation in performance-related attributes; 3) identify areas of the genome responsible for reduced performance among inbred individuals; and 4) document how changes in immigration rate affect genetic structure of local populations. Overall, this longitudinal genomic characterization of a declining population promises to be the most detailed ever conducted in a free-living organism.Besides being broadly informative for conservation genetics, this project is especially compelling because the Florida Scrub-Jay is a popular public symbol for biodiversity conservation amidst rapidly growing human populations. As local populations disappear, demand increases for information about the condition and viability of each population that remains. This study provides the means to measure genetic health of remnant populations, informs habitat protection priorities, and helps prescribe effective translocation strategies for genetic rescue of the most critically endangered populations. Students of all ages will gain experience in genetic methods, and outreach will occur at Archbold Biological Station and through Cornell Lab of Ornithology.

这项研究探讨了濒危的佛罗里达灌丛周杰伦，目前在其整个范围内消失的鸟类种群数量下降的基因组后果。利用对当地保护种群进行的43年研究，将使用9,000多个遗传标记对25年来采样的4,000多只松鸦的DNA进行表征和比较。每个个体的后代系谱、行为和结构特征以及终生繁殖性能都有很好的记录。对于野生动物种群来说，将多代个体的如此大的样本的田间和全基因组数据相结合是前所未有的，这为以下提供了难得的机会：1）测量合同种群如何随时间发生遗传变化; 2）将特定基因与表现相关属性中的个体变异相关联; 3）确定导致近交个体表现下降的基因组区域;（4）记录移民率的变化如何影响当地人口的遗传结构。总的来说，这个下降的人口纵向基因组特征有望成为有史以来最详细的在一个自由生活的organis. Although广泛的保护遗传学信息，这个项目是特别引人注目的，因为佛罗里达灌丛鸦是一个流行的公共象征，在快速增长的人口中的生物多样性保护。随着当地人口的消失，对每一个幸存人口的状况和生存能力的信息需求增加。这项研究提供了衡量剩余种群遗传健康的方法，告知栖息地保护的优先事项，并有助于制定有效的易位策略，为最严重濒危种群的遗传拯救。所有年龄段的学生都将获得遗传方法的经验，并将在阿赫博尔德生物站和康奈尔鸟类学实验室进行外展。