Copepod Population Dynamics in Hypoxic Coastal Waters: Physical and Behavioral Regulation of Resupply and Advective Losses

缺氧沿海水域中的桡足类种群动态：补给和平流损失的物理和行为调节

• 批准号: 1259691
• 负责人: Michael Roman
• 金额: $ 59.33万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1259691&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Copepod; Population; Dynamics; Hypoxic; Coastal

The PIs will develop a mechanistic understanding of how circulation interacts with hypoxia-induced behavioral and physiological changes to affect the population dynamics of coastal zooplankton. They will do this by assessing two potentially contrasting mechanisms influencing the dynamics of the copepod Acartia tonsa in the hypoxic zone of Chesapeake Bay. The first hypothesis is that maintenance of copepod populations in the hypoxic region requires replenishment by advection (immigration) of animals through wind-driven lateral transport processes. The second, counteractive, hypothesis is that bottom water hypoxia alters the vertical distribution of A. tonsa, thereby making them more susceptible to advective losses from the region (emigration) via surface water transport in the estuarine circulation. They will take advantage of a current NSF-funded physical oceanography research program in Chesapeake Bay that will comprehensively measure and model axial and lateral water exchanges in the mid-Bay region. The present study will use the physical oceanography study site as a Controlled Volume (CV) in which the oceanographic exchanges of water and the driving mechanisms for those exchanges will be well defined. The PIs will conduct high-resolution spatial and temporal sampling of zooplankton and combine the data with measurements of copepod behavior, mortality and egg production in the hypoxic region. They will use an improved Individual-Based Model of the life history of A. tonsa coupled with the circulation to explore the combined effects of advection, behavior, egg production, and mortality on population dynamics. In addition to increasing our knowledge of the impacts of bottom water hypoxia on copepod populations in Chesapeake Bay, the study will improve our general understanding of the regulation of zooplankton populations by physical and biological processes and the impacts of hypoxia on secondary production and food webs in coastal waters. The project will enhance existing public education and outreach efforts so that the public can be better informed about the effects of hypoxia on Chesapeake Bay. This will be accomplished in part through the Center for Ocean Science Education Excellence (COSEE) Coastal Trends program (now the Horn Point Laboratory STEM Center Student Learning Activities program). The PIs will enhance an existing set of online education modules (http://www.teachoceanscience.net/) that focus on the causes and consequences of the Chesapeake Bay's "Dead Zone" through development of an online interactive version of their synthetic plankton model. The study also includes participation by undergraduate summer interns through a Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program. In addition, this research will contribute information toward the development and improvement of dissolved oxygen criteria for Chesapeake Bay, will support broad initiatives of the Chesapeake Bay Program by providing information on the role of zooplankton in supporting productivity of fisheries, and will contribute information to ecosystem-based fisheries management plans.

PI将发展一个机械的理解如何循环与缺氧引起的行为和生理变化相互作用，影响沿海浮游动物的种群动态。他们将通过评估两个潜在的对比机制影响桡足类Acartia tonsa在切萨皮克湾缺氧区的动态。第一个假设是，维持桡足类种群在缺氧地区需要补充平流（移民）的动物通过风驱动的横向运输过程。第二个假设是底层水缺氧改变了A.通萨，从而使他们更容易从该地区的平流损失（移民）通过河口环流的地表水运输。他们将利用目前NSF资助的切萨皮克湾物理海洋学研究项目，该项目将全面测量和模拟海湾中部地区的轴向和横向水交换。本研究将使用物理海洋学研究站点作为受控体积（CV），其中将很好地定义海洋学的水交换和这些交换的驱动机制。研究所将对浮游动物进行高分辨率的空间和时间采样，并将数据与缺氧区域桡足类行为、死亡率和产卵量的测量结果联合收割机结合起来。 他们将使用一种改进的基于个体的A.结合循环，探讨平流，行为，产卵量和死亡率对种群动态的综合影响。 除了增加我们的底层水缺氧对桡足类种群的影响的知识，在切萨皮克湾，这项研究将提高我们的一般理解的物理和生物过程的调节浮游动物种群和缺氧的影响，在沿海沃茨的次级生产和食物网。该项目将加强现有的公众教育和宣传工作，使公众能够更好地了解缺氧对切萨皮克湾的影响。 这将部分通过海洋科学教育卓越中心（COSEE）海岸趋势计划（现在的霍恩点实验室STEM中心学生学习活动计划）来完成。研究所将通过开发其合成浮游生物模型的在线互动版本，加强现有的一套在线教育模块（http：//www.teachoceancience.net/），这些模块侧重于切萨皮克湾“死亡区”的原因和后果。该研究还包括通过本科生研究经验（REU）计划的本科暑期实习生的参与。此外，这项研究将有助于信息的发展和改善溶解氧标准的切萨皮克湾，将支持广泛的倡议的切萨皮克湾计划，通过提供浮游动物在支持渔业生产力的作用，并将有助于信息的生态系统为基础的渔业管理计划。