Status and Behavior

状态与行为

• 批准号: 1260342
• 负责人: Murray Webster
• 金额: $ 21.87万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Charlotte
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1260342&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Status; Behavior

SES-1250342Murray WebsterLisa WalkerUniversity of North Carolina, CharlotteThis project develops and elaborates theories of status generalization. These theories describe how status characteristics that confer advantages and disadvantages in the larger society (such as gender, education, or age) get "imported" and affect dimensions of power and prestige (such as participation rates, influence, and leadership choices) in face to face task groups. The work has led to theoretically guided interventions to reduce or eliminate unwanted status generalization from race, gender, ethnicity, and other status characteristics in schools and organizations. A previous NSF funded grant developed this research by adding effects of behavior patterns (such as deference and assertiveness) to status effects. This new project further expands the scope of this line of inquiry to include interactions of cultural beliefs (such as appropriate behaviors associated with gender) with status and behavior. The research will investigate how various combinations of status and behavior affect the formation of performance expectations within task work. The study will employ a complex experimental design to explore these relationships. Participants in the experiment will be male and female paid volunteers recruited from large classes. Broader ImpactResults of this research contribute to the status generalization theoretical research program and can lay a foundation for further investigations of beliefs, structure and behavior. They will suggest new ways to control status effects by adding behavior and making cultural beliefs salient. They also help track changing cultural beliefs, such as possible decline in the significance of gender for task focused interaction. Findings also have implications for developing new experimental techniques that will be used by other investigators, training a graduate student in all stages of theory building, experimental design and operations, and data analysis and archiving. The project also will train undergraduates in recruiting, computer scheduling and face to face interviewing.

SES-1250342Murray WebsterLisa Walker 北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校该项目发展并阐述了地位概括理论。这些理论描述了在更大的社会中赋予优势和劣势的地位特征（例如性别、教育或年龄）如何在面对面的任务组中“导入”并影响权力和声望的维度（例如参与率、影响力和领导选择）。这项工作导致了理论上指导的干预措施，以减少或消除学校和组织中因种族、性别、族裔和其他地位特征而产生的不必要的地位泛化。之前美国国家科学基金会资助的一项研究通过将行为模式（例如顺从和自信）的影响添加到地位效应中来开展这项研究。这个新项目进一步扩大了这一调查范围，包括文化信仰（例如与性别相关的适当行为）与地位和行为的相互作用。该研究将调查状态和行为的各种组合如何影响任务工作中绩效期望的形成。该研究将采用复杂的实验设计来探索这些关系。实验参与者将是从大班中招募的男性和女性付费志愿者。更广泛的影响这项研究的结果有助于地位概括理论研究计划，并可以为进一步研究信念、结构和行为奠定基础。他们将提出通过增加行为和突出文化信仰来控制地位影响的新方法。它们还有助于追踪不断变化的文化信仰，例如性别对于以任务为中心的互动的重要性可能下降。研究结果还对开发其他研究人员将使用的新实验技术、在理论构建、实验设计和操作以及数据分析和归档的各个阶段培训研究生具有影响。该项目还将对本科生进行招聘、计算机调度和面对面面试方面的培训。