Intradispute Bargaining: Collecting and Coding Individual Incidents in the Militarized Interstate Dispute (MID) Data, 1816-2001

争端内谈判：收集和编码军事化州际争端 (MID) 数据中的个别事​​件，1816-2001 年

• 批准号: 1260492
• 负责人: Douglas Gibler
• 金额: $ 23.62万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-15 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1260492&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Intradispute; Bargaining; Collecting; Coding; Individual

Both policymakers and scholars care greatly about coercive military bargaining between states and between leaders, but no large-scale data resource exists to adequately test theories. This project addresses a critical shortcoming by collecting, coding, and analyzing all instances in which one state threatened, displayed, or used military force against another state, from 1816 to 2001. Currently, almost all data presents summary measures of combatant interactions. This existing data includes the overall start and end dates of hostilities, how many military troops died, and what the highest level of military action was during the conflict. However, we do not know what happened during the conflict. There is no data on the evolution of conflict within militarized disputes, when exactly fatalities occurred, or the individual actions that were taken by each combatant. The project will create new, incident-level data that will be combined with additional variables measuring whether actions were reciprocated, the location of each incident, and the number of civilian fatalities, generating precise conflict data over a long temporal span.The intellectual merit of the project is associated with its advancement of theoretical insights in the study of conflict. Existing summary data of international disputes provides only indirect measures of what actually happened during these conflicts and, hence, an inappropriate sample for tests of theories. By increasing the level of data precision, the project will allow scholars to accurately assess the effects of deterrence in conflict, the likelihood of escalation during conflict, and many of the questions related to how and when states use military force to bargain. The data are likely to change the nature of empirical testing in international relations studies. The broader impacts are connected to the project's importance for policymakers, as well as training opportunities. What causes international conflict is of course a central concern of policymakers and scholars, and this project would provide the opportunity to study the causes of conflict at a level of precision that has never before been realized over such a large time period. Thus, this work and the data from it are likely to have a broad impact on policy, scholarship, and society. The project also integrates numerous undergraduates and graduate students into the process of discovery and understanding. Almost 30 undergraduate students over the past two years have been involved in research related to this project, and the grant will accelerate their development tremendously. These students have started considering graduate education and research careers at a much higher rate than their peers, and many of these students have benefited from attending academic conferences. The majority of these undergraduate researchers have been from groups that are traditionally underrepresented in political science and several are first-generation college students whose primary exposure to science and discovery will be this research.

决策者和学者都非常关心国家之间和领导人之间的强制性军事谈判，但没有大规模的数据资源来充分测试理论。该项目通过收集、编码和分析从1816年到2001年一个国家对另一个国家威胁、展示或使用军事力量的所有实例来解决一个关键的缺陷。目前，几乎所有数据都提供了战斗人员互动的汇总衡量标准。这些现有数据包括敌对行动的总体开始和结束日期，有多少军队死亡，以及冲突期间最高级别的军事行动。但是，我们不知道冲突期间发生了什么。没有关于军事化争端中冲突演变的数据，也没有关于死亡确切发生时间或每个战斗人员采取的个人行动的数据。该项目将创建新的事件级数据，这些数据将与衡量行动是否得到回报、每个事件的地点和平民死亡人数的其他变量相结合，生成长期精确的冲突数据，该项目的智力价值与其在冲突研究中的理论见解的进步有关。关于国际争端的现有简要数据只能间接衡量这些冲突期间实际发生的情况，因此，这不是检验理论的适当样本。通过提高数据精度，该项目将使学者能够准确评估冲突中威慑的影响，冲突期间升级的可能性，以及与国家如何以及何时使用军事力量进行谈判有关的许多问题。这些数据很可能会改变国际关系研究中实证检验的性质。更广泛的影响与该项目对决策者的重要性以及培训机会有关。造成国际冲突的原因当然是决策者和学者的一个主要关切，该项目将提供机会，以前所未有的精确程度研究冲突的原因，在如此长的时间内实现。因此，这项工作及其数据可能会对政策，学术和社会产生广泛的影响。该项目还将许多本科生和研究生纳入发现和理解的过程。在过去的两年里，近30名本科生参与了与该项目有关的研究，这笔赠款将大大加快他们的发展。这些学生已经开始考虑研究生教育和研究职业的速度比同龄人高得多，其中许多学生从参加学术会议中受益。这些本科研究人员中的大多数来自传统上在政治学中代表性不足的群体，其中一些是第一代大学生，他们主要接触科学和发现将是这项研究。