RAPID: Understanding Sudden Hydro-Climatic Changes and Exploring Sustainable Solutions in the Enriquillo Closed Water Basin (Southwest Hispaniola)

RAPID：了解恩里基洛封闭水盆地（伊斯帕尼奥拉岛西南部）的突然水文气候变化并探索可持续解决方案

• 批准号: 1264466
• 负责人: Jorge Gonzalez
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: CUNY City College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-15 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1264466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Understanding; Sudden; Hydro; Climatic

1264466 (Gonzalez). The two largest lakes in Haiti and the Dominican Republic are, respectively, the Saumatre and Enriquillo lakes, both of which are salt water lakes. Lake Enriquillo is at the lowest point in the Caribbean, and is within several miles of Lake Saumatre. Both lakes have been growing drastically in size over the past several years. The socio-economic impact of this growth of the lakes has been very dramatic. Since the lakes began their recent rapid growth, more than 15,000 hectares of agricultural and grass land around the lakes have been flooded, having a strong negative impact on 2,500 farms in 16 communities with total estimates of 10,000 individuals affected. Urgency to address this growth problem has risen sharply over the past few months due to the unprecedented water levels reached. Further, the Caribbean is in the midst of its tropical depression/hurricane season, a unique time for embarking on a research effort as the Lakes are responding to these extreme events in a unique fashion. The window is relatively short and if missed would require waiting an entire year to possibly get a similar weather pattern passing through the lakes region again. Meanwhile, the emergency resulting from floods will have worsened. The research plan integrates observations, integrated earth-system modeling and community engagement and is designed to lead to accelerated documentation of the causes of the growth and to support policy formulation for handling the consequences. The urgent questions in need of answers are: Through rapid monitoring and modeling, can the hypothesis be supported that a warming climate is impacting the overall hydro-balance of the lakes? How is this hydro-balance reflected in terms of lake volume and surface area? What may be the response of informed communities to the emergency presented by continuously expanding flood lands?

1264466（冈萨雷斯）。 海地和多米尼加共和国的两个最大的湖泊分别是Saumantis湖和Enriquillo湖，两者都是咸水湖。Enriquillo湖位于加勒比海的最低点，距离Saumeiro湖不到几英里。在过去的几年里，这两个湖泊的规模都在急剧增长。湖泊的这种增长对社会经济的影响非常巨大。自从这些湖泊最近开始迅速增长以来，湖泊周围超过15 000公顷的农田和草地被淹没，对16个社区的2 500个农场产生了严重的负面影响，估计受影响的总人数为10 000人。过去几个月来，由于水位达到前所未有的高度，解决这一增长问题的紧迫性急剧上升。此外，加勒比地区正处于热带低气压/飓风季节，这是开展研究工作的独特时机，因为湖区正在以独特的方式应对这些极端事件。这个窗口相对较短，如果错过了，将需要等待整整一年，才可能再次获得类似的天气模式通过湖区。与此同时，洪水造成的紧急情况将更加恶化。该研究计划将观测、综合地球系统建模和社区参与相结合，旨在加速记录增长原因，并支持制定处理后果的政策。迫切需要回答的问题是：通过快速监测和建模，气候变暖正在影响湖泊的整体水平衡的假设是否得到支持？这种水平衡是如何反映在湖泊体积和表面积方面的？知情社区对不断扩大的洪泛区所带来的紧急情况可能作出什么反应？