Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Transit System Operations on Urban Networks

交通系统运营对城市网络影响的理论与实证分析

• 批准号: 1301057
• 负责人: Jorge Laval
• 金额: $ 14万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1301057&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Theoretical; Empirical; Analysis; Effects; Transit

This award explores the premise that the recently developed theory of the Network Fundamental Diagram (NFD) can be extended to account for the main effects that transit systems' operational characteristics (such as bus frequency, number of stops, number of routes) have on macroscopic network performance measures (such as, network capacity, mean travel time and probability of gridlock) and for the effects of network performance on transit operations. To accomplish this, the research approach will be to combine NFD theory with traffic flow theory of moving bottlenecks to produce the proposed NFD-transit theory and evaluate its results using both empirical data and a microscopic simulation model especially developed for this project. The empirical data will come from the metro Atlanta region and includes traffic data from loop detectors at signalized intersections and transit data from buses' GPS devices and ridership surveys.If successful, this award will improve our understanding of the cause-and-effect mechanisms between transit systems and transportation network performance. The research could be potentially transformative since traditional travel forecasting models cannot address this problem satisfactorily because of their reliance on travelers' origins and destinations. The proposed method is macroscopic and therefore does not require microscopic travel patterns. Although it is expected that the real-world data will deviate from the assumptions of the theory, valuable insights will be obtained by carefully studying how these deviations affect predictions and how this theory can be improved. The project will develop urban congestion reduction strategies that consider both public and private transportation alternatives. The results will be beneficial to the population of large urban areas, especially to underrepresented groups who often live in transit-dependent areas. The main findings will be disseminated through graduate-level courses, simulation and analysis tools made available online and through two workshops for planning agencies.

该奖项探讨了一个前提，即最近开发的网络基本图（NFD）理论可以扩展到解释公交系统运行特性的主要影响（如公交车班次、站点数、路线数）对宏观网络性能指标的影响（如网络容量、平均旅行时间和堵塞概率）以及网络性能对公交运营的影响。为了实现这一点，研究方法将结合联合收割机NFD理论与交通流理论的移动瓶颈，产生建议NFD-运输理论，并评估其结果，使用经验数据和微观模拟模型，特别是本项目开发的。经验数据将来自亚特兰大地铁地区，包括信号交叉口环形检测器的交通数据以及公交车GPS设备和乘客量调查的公交数据。如果成功，该奖项将提高我们对公交系统和交通网络性能之间因果机制的理解。这项研究可能具有潜在的变革性，因为传统的旅行预测模型无法令人满意地解决这一问题，因为它们依赖于旅行者的出发地和目的地。所提出的方法是宏观的，因此不需要微观的旅行模式。虽然预计现实世界的数据将偏离理论的假设，但通过仔细研究这些偏差如何影响预测以及如何改进该理论，将获得有价值的见解。该项目将制定减少城市拥堵的战略，考虑到公共和私人交通的替代方案。其结果将有利于大城市地区的人口，特别是往往生活在依赖交通的地区的代表性不足的群体。将通过研究生课程、网上提供的模拟和分析工具以及为规划机构举办的两个讲习班传播主要调查结果。