FSML: Improvements to the Keys Marine Laboratory Seawater System

凯斯海洋实验室(http://keysmarinelab.org))获得了一笔赠款，用于升级和扩展其现有的海水系统，以提供现场最先进的研究能力。位于佛罗里达群岛的凯斯海洋实验室(KML)是一个教育和研究实验室，为来自世界各地的研究人员、教职员工和学生提供服务。这个增强的海水系统将为KML用户提供全年高质量的按需海水，以进行实验室实验，从而实现以前不可能进行的现场研究。升级后的系统能够将水质、温度和pH值再循环到各种水箱中并进行操作，从而实现再循环和污水处理，包括过滤和紫外线杀菌。该提案利用了佛罗里达州鱼类和野生动物保护委员会(FWC)支持的先前的改进措施。来自处理设施的水(用FWC资金建造)将流入一系列头部水箱，在那里进行温度和pH值的调整。一套加热器和冷冻机提供温度控制，类似地，注入的二氧化碳将pH调节到所需的水平。然后，头部水箱通过水泵将水输送到实验水箱。实验池的设置将允许在不同体积和各种温度和pH组合下进行需要复制能力的实验。更大的水箱将配备有水循环的能力。再循环允许进一步控制和处理水，增加过滤，并提供防止上游故障或污染的保护。新的海水系统将为研究热带和亚热带生态系统，包括具有全球影响的海洋生物资源提供基础。特别是，能够操纵水质以反映过去、现在和未来的情况，将改善对系统和海洋生物资源影响范围的科学理解和预期。这样，除了中间情景之外，预测还可以提供最好的情况和最坏的情况，这将指导资源管理行动。例如，在未来气候情景下对珊瑚的研究将为珊瑚生产力和脆弱性提供新的见解。据估计，仅在南佛罗里达州，珊瑚礁就为休闲和商业捕鱼以及娱乐浮潜和潜水活动提供了渔业资源的栖息地，从而支持了价值44亿美元的产业。因此，它们不仅具有科学上的好奇心，而且在经济上也具有重要意义，是向更广泛的受众进行教育推广的一种手段。

The Keys Marine Laboratory (http://keysmarinelab.org) is awarded a grant to upgrade and expand its existing seawater system to provide a state of the art research capability on-site. The Keys Marine Laboratory (KML), in the Florida Keys, is an educational and research laboratory serving researchers, faculty and students from around the world. This enhanced seawater system will provide KML users with year-round high quality, on-demand seawater to conduct laboratory experiments and hence allow on-site research not previously possible. The upgraded system provides the ability to recirculate and manipulate water quality, temperature, and pH into a variety of tanks, allowing for recirculation and effluent treatment, including filtration and UV sterilization. The proposal leverages prior improvements supported by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). Water from the treatment facility (built with FWC funds), will flow into a series of head tanks where temperature and pH adjustments take place. A set of heaters and chillers provide temperature control and similarly, injected carbon dioxide regulates pH to desired levels. The head tanks then deliver water, via pumps, to the experimental tanks. The experimental tank setup will allow for experiments requiring replicate ability at varying volumes and a variety of temperature and pH combinations. Larger tanks will be equipped with the capacity for water recirculation. Recirculation allows for further control and manipulation of water, increased filtration, and provides a safeguard against upstream failures or contaminations. The new seawater system will provide a basis for research on tropical and sub-tropical ecosystems, including living marine resources, with global implications. In particular the ability to manipulate water quality to represent past, present, and future conditions will provide an improved scientific understanding and anticipation of the range of impacts to systems and living marine resources. In this way, forecasts can provide best case and worst case scenarios in addition to intermediate scenarios, which will guide resource management actions. For example, research on coral under future climate scenarios will provide new insights into coral productivity and vulnerability. It is estimated that coral reefs support a $4.4 billion industry in South Florida alone by providing a habitat for fishery resources for recreational and commercial fishing and through recreational snorkeling and diving activities. As such, they are not only of scientific curiosity, but are also of economic importance and a means of educational outreach to a broader audience.