Community Response and Resilience to the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake

1755 年里斯本地震的社区反应和复原力

• 批准号: 1322548
• 负责人: David Mendonca
• 金额: $ 3.59万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1322548&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Community; Response; Resilience; 1755; Lisbon

As the largest European seismic event in the historical record, the 1755 Lisbon earthquake served as the catalyst for subsequent changes in how modern societies mitigate and manage potentially catastrophic events. This catalytic collaborative project, involving researchers based in the US and Portugal, will explore the response of communities in 18th century Portugal to this event, drawing upon contemporary reports from hundreds of parishes in Portugal which describe how members of the clergy, military and government responded to the disaster. Characteristics of the communities under study are available from additional contemporary sources which, along with other sources for this work, are held in the Portuguese National Archives. Additional research will be undertaken to characterize the development and deployment of post-disaster assessment tools (such as surveys) used by the Portuguese government following the event. Combined qualitative and quantitative methods (such as content analysis and statistical data modeling) will be used to provide a context for the data under study and to enable testing of research hypotheses.This research is expected to advance understanding of human response to disaster by considering community response activities in light of current understanding of the effects of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake. It will contribute to research on how disaster response decision making may be shaped by characteristics both of affected communities and of the disaster itself. It will thus provide an historically grounded critique of current theories of community resilience, and is expected to identify opportunities and limitations to improving the response of current communities to disaster. Finally, it is expected to contribute tools and techniques for undertaking analysis of disaster-related data that are embedded deep in the historical record.

作为历史记录中欧洲最大的地震事件，1755 年里斯本地震成为现代社会减轻和管理潜在灾难性事件方式随后发生变化的催化剂。这个由美国和葡萄牙的研究人员参与的催化合作项目将借鉴葡萄牙数百个教区的当代报告，描述神职人员、军队和政府成员如何应对这场灾难，探讨 18 世纪葡萄牙社区对这一事件的反应。所研究的社区的特征可以从其他当代来源获得，这些来源以及这项工作的其他来源都保存在葡萄牙国家档案馆中。将开展更多研究，以描述葡萄牙政府在灾后使用的灾后评估工具（例如调查）的开发和部署情况。将使用定性和定量相结合的方法（例如内容分析和统计数据建模）来为所研究的数据提供背景，并能够检验研究假设。这项研究预计将根据目前对 1755 年里斯本地震影响的理解，考虑社区响应活动，从而加深对人类对灾难响应的理解。它将有助于研究受灾社区和灾害本身的特征如何影响灾害应对决策。因此，它将对当前社区复原力理论进行历史性的批评，并有望找出改善当前社区灾害应对能力的机会和局限性。最后，预计将提供工具和技术来对深深嵌入历史记录中的灾害相关数据进行分析。