Coastal SEES (Track 1): Planning for hydrologic and ecological impacts of sea level rise on sustainability of coastal water resources

沿海 SEES（轨道 1）：规划海平面上升对沿海水资源可持续性的水文和生态影响

• 批准号: 1325227
• 负责人: Jonathan Martin
• 金额: $ 44.11万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1325227&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Coastal; SEES; Track; Planning; hydrologic

Coastal SEES (Track 1): Planning for hydrologic and ecological impacts of sea level rise on sustainability of coastal water resourcesJonathan Martin, Andrew Ogram, Zhong-ren Peng, and Arnoldo Valle-Levinson INSTITUTION: University of FloridaTechnical Overview of the ProjectSea level is projected to rise by 1 m or more by 2100. A common concern for rapidly growing coastal communities is storm-driven inundation of coastal zones, but another subtle and potentially more critical impact will be changes to drinking water resources from salt water intrusion into aquifers along the coasts. These negative impacts from sea level rise could increase with the growth in coastal populations and their elevated demand for groundwater. Impacts will include both salinization of available water resources as well as changes to coastal ecosystems that rely on discharge of fresh water. Fresh water flows from coastal aquifers in a spectrum of ways, ranging from widely distributed discharge from sandy sediments to discharge from springs in limestone areas that contain water-filled conduits and caves. Moreover, the intrusion of salt water is likely to change the microbial communities living underground. Because these microbes are important for controlling the water chemistry, changes in the communities could also lead to a change in the water quality of the aquifers. Specific questions to be addressed with this project include: (1) how will changing coastal demographics and sea level rise impact the sustainability of coastal water resources, (2) what are the relative magnitudes of salt intrusion if coastal aquifers discharge diffusely from sand or from springs, (3) how does salinization change microbial communities, (4) will these changes in microbial communities affect the quality of water in coastal aquifers and hence the cost of water supplies, and (5) what strategies can be proposed to improve the sustainability of these water resources? These questions will be addressed in two locations: Puerto Morelos Lagoon on the east coast of the Yucatan peninsula, which is characterized by numerous spring discharges from limestone and Indian River Lagoon on the east coast of Florida, which is characterized by diffuse flow from sandy sediments. Two field trips to the Yucatan and three to Florida will allow collection of human demographic information, measurements of the exchange of salt water following extremely large tides and storms, and measurements of changes in microbial communities and water quality following these events. The work will be carried out collaboratively by investigators with expertise in multiple disciplines including urban and regional planning, coastal hydrodynamics, microbial ecology, and aqueous geochemistry.Non-technical Explanation of the Projects Broader Significance and ImportanceThe sustainability of coastal water resources in the face of rising sea levels should depend on how quickly coastal aquifers are intruded by salt water and how the water quality changes as a result of salt water intrusion and the effects on the microbial communities from that intrusion. Results from this project should aid in general planning for potential impacts related to changes in the coastal water resources, regardless of whether the intruding flow of water originates at springs or across broad areas of sand. Both of the field sites to be studied for this work have important regional impacts; Indian River Lagoon is designated an estuary of national importance by the National Estuaries Program, and Puerto Morelos Lagoon is the site of a national park. Findings from this work will be incorporated into regional water planning through collaboration with local water management districts. This work will also directly impact a newly formed program at the University of Florida UF that includes a cohort of seven faculty members, each of whom will support research of a PhD student. The cohort consists of the PIs of this proposal, along with three additional scientists and engineers with expertise in studies of past sea level, coastal ecosystems, and water treatment. This program, with internal funding from UF, will provide the stipends (but no research funding) for a cohort of six PhD students, three of whom will work directly on this project on interdisciplinary and collaborative studies of the effects of sea level rise on coastal aquifers. In addition to these graduate students, at least one undergraduate student will be integrated in the research, with recruiting occurring through the Minority Mentorship Program at UF.This project was co-funded through the Coastal SEES program (GEO Directorate) and the ISE, who generously sponsored the international participation of the PIs in thie project.

沿海 SEES（轨道 1）：规划海平面上升对沿海水资源可持续性的水文和生态影响 Jonathan Martin、Andrew Ogram、Zhong-ren Peng 和 Arnoldo Valle-Levinson 机构：佛罗里达大学 项目技术概述 到 2100 年，海平面预计将上升 1 m 或更多。快速增长的沿海社区的一个普遍担忧是风暴导致的沿海洪水泛滥。 但另一个微妙且可能更关键的影响将是盐水入侵沿海含水层而改变饮用水资源。随着沿海人口的增长及其对地下水需求的增加，海平面上升的这些负面影响可能会加剧。 影响将包括可用水资源的盐化以及依赖淡水排放的沿海生态系统的变化。 淡水以多种方式从沿海含水层流出，从广泛分布的沙质沉积物的排放到含有充满水的管道和洞穴的石灰岩地区的泉水的排放。 此外，盐水的入侵可能会改变生活在地下的微生物群落。 由于这些微生物对于控制水化学很重要，因此群落的变化也可能导致含水层水质的变化。 该项目要解决的具体问题包括：（1）沿海人口统计数据的变化和海平面上升将如何影响沿海水资源的可持续性，（2）如果沿海含水层从沙子或泉水中广泛排放盐分入侵的相对程度是多少，（3）盐化如何改变微生物群落，（4）微生物群落的这些变化是否会影响沿海含水层的水质，从而影响供水成本，以及 （5）可以提出哪些策略来提高这些水资源的可持续性？ 这些问题将在两个地点得到解决：尤卡坦半岛东海岸的莫雷洛斯港泻湖，其特点是石灰岩的大量泉水排放；佛罗里达州东海岸的印度河泻湖，其特点是沙质沉积物的扩散流。 对尤卡坦半岛的两次实地考察和对佛罗里达州的三次实地考察将收集人类人口统计信息，测量极大潮汐和风暴后的盐水交换，以及测量这些事件后微生物群落和水质的变化。 这项工作将由具有多个学科专业知识的研究人员合作进行，包括城市和区域规划、沿海水动力学、微生物生态学和水地球化学。项目的非技术解释更广泛的意义和重要性面对海平面上升，沿海水资源的可持续性应取决于沿海含水层被盐水入侵的速度以及盐水入侵导致的水质变化。 以及这种入侵对微生物群落的影响。 该项目的结果应有助于对与沿海水资源变化相关的潜在影响进行总体规划，无论入侵的水流是源自泉水还是跨越大片沙地。 这项工作要研究的两个实地地点都具有重要的区域影响；印度河泻湖被国家河口计划指定为国家重要河口，莫雷洛斯港泻湖是国家公园所在地。 这项工作的结果将通过与当地水管理区的合作纳入区域水规划。 这项工作还将直接影响佛罗里达大学佛罗里达大学新成立的项目，该项目包括七名教员，每人将支持一名博士生的研究。 该团队由该提案的 PI 以及另外三名在过去海平面、沿海生态系统和水处理研究方面具有专业知识的科学家和工程师组成。 该项目由佛罗里达大学提供内部资助，将为六名博士生提供津贴（但不提供研究经费），其中三名博士生将直接参与该项目，研究海平面上升对沿海含水层的影响。 除了这些研究生之外，至少一名本科生将通过佛罗里达大学的少数族裔导师计划进行招募，并参与该研究。该项目由沿海 SEES 计划（GEO 理事会）和 ISE 共同资助，ISE 慷慨地赞助了国际 PI 参与该项目。