CPS: Frontiers: Collaborative Research: ROSELINE: Enabling Robust, Secure and Efficient Knowledge of Time Across the System Stack

准确和可靠的时间知识是网络物理系统的基础，用于感知、控制、性能以及计算和通信的能效集成。这一声明是这项提议的基础。新兴的CPS应用依赖于精确的时间知识来推断位置和控制通信。有多种用于描述时间的语义，时间的质量随着我们在系统堆栈中的上下移动而变化。系统设计往往过度补偿这些不确定性，结果是系统可能设计过度、效率低下和脆弱。智力上的优点来自新的基本时间概念和捕获包括分辨率、准确性和稳定性在内的度量的整体时间质量(QOT)。该提案构建了一个系统堆栈(“Roseline”)，使时钟硬件、操作系统、网络服务和应用程序能够以新的方式学习、维护和交换有关时间的信息，影响组件行为，并有力地适应动态的Qot要求，以及运行条件的良性和对抗性变化。将受益于时间质量的应用领域将包括：智能梯度、航空航天系统的网络和协调控制、水下传感和工业自动化。该提案的更广泛影响是由于工作的基础性，该工作建立了稳健和可调的时间质量，可以应用于渗透到现代生活的广泛应用。该提案还将提供宝贵的机会，在研究生、本科生和K-12课堂上整合研究和教育。将通过出版物、软件开放源码和参与洛杉矶计算圈等活动，为大学预科学生提供广泛的服务。

Accurate and reliable knowledge of time is fundamental to cyber-physical systems for sensing, control, performance, and energy efficient integration of computing and communications. This statement underlies the proposal. Emerging CPS applications depend on precise knowledge of time to infer location and control communication. There is a diversity of semantics used to describe time, and quality of time varies as we move up and down the system stack. System designs tend to overcompensate for these uncertainties and the result is systems that may be over designed, inefficient, and fragile.The intellectual merit derives from the new and fundamental concept of time and the holistic measure of quality of time (QoT) that captures metrics including resolution, accuracy, and stability. The proposal builds a system stack ("ROSELINE") that enables new ways for clock hardware, operating system, network services, and applications to learn, maintain and exchange information about time, influence component behavior, and robustly adapt to dynamic QoT requirements, as well as to benign and adversarial changes in operating conditions. Application areas that will benefit from Quality of Time will include: smart grad, networked and coordinated control of aerospace systems, underwater sensing, and industrial automation.The broader impact of the proposal is due to the foundational nature of the work which builds a robust and tunable quality of time that can be applied across a broad spectrum of applications that pervade modern life. The proposal will also provide valuable opportunities to integrate research and education in graduate, undergraduate, and K-12 classrooms. There will be extensive outreach through publications, open sourcing of software, and participation in activities such as the Los Angeles Computing Circle for pre-college students.