Run-time and Design-time Exploration of Field-level Energy, Space, Time and Fidelity Trade-offs in Distributed Sensor Networks

分布式传感器网络中场级能量、空间、时间和保真度权衡的运行时和设计时探索

• 批准号: 0306408
• 负责人: Mani Srivastava
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0306408&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Run; time; Design; Exploration; Field

Cheap and tiny processors, radios, sensors, and actuators resulting from progress in microelectronics are leading to a new class of embedded systems, often called Wireless Sensor Networks, that consist of a large number of individual nodes that are physically-coupled, energy-constrained, spatially-distributed (often in an ad hoc fashion), and wirelessly-networked. Such systems provide information about the physical environment at an unprecedented level of detail, and to manipulate the physical environment based on this information, in diverse applications such as security and surveillance, monitoring of wildlife habitats, smart sensor-instrumented environments, and condition-based maintenance of complex systems. This research involves the study of techniques to systematically design, optimize, and manage Wireless Sensor Networks so as to meet applications requirements such as how long the system should last, what space should it cover, and how accurately and how rapidly should it sense the environment. Wireless Sensor Networks are autonomous, self-configuring, and adaptive distributed systems that perform collaborative computation among energy-constrained nodes to produce the desired information about the physical world. The study is developing design-time resource allocation and run-time resource management methods for such systems while exploiting the inter-play of energy, space, time, and accuracy dimensions that underlies the notion of quality of service in these systems. The focus is on trade-offs that manifest themselves at the level of the entire "sensor field' as opposed to the individual sensor nodes. This study is important both for understanding the fundamental performance limits of wireless sensor networks, as well as for developing practical methods to systematically deploy and operate sensor networks for specific applications.

由于微电子技术的进步，廉价而微小的处理器、无线电、传感器和致动器导致了一种新的嵌入式系统，通常被称为无线传感器网络，它由大量物理耦合、能量限制、空间分布（通常以特别的方式）和无线联网的单个节点组成。这些系统以前所未有的详细程度提供有关物理环境的信息，并在此信息的基础上操纵物理环境，用于各种应用，例如安全和监视，野生动物栖息地监测，智能传感器仪表环境以及复杂系统的基于状态的维护。本研究涉及系统设计、优化和管理无线传感器网络的技术研究，以满足系统应持续多长时间、应覆盖多大空间、应如何准确和快速地感知环境等应用需求。无线传感器网络是自主的、自配置的、自适应的分布式系统，它在能量受限的节点之间执行协作计算，以产生关于物理世界的所需信息。该研究正在为这些系统开发设计时资源分配和运行时资源管理方法，同时利用这些系统中服务质量概念的能量、空间、时间和精度维度的相互作用。重点是在整个“传感器领域”层面上表现出来的权衡，而不是单个传感器节点。这项研究对于理解无线传感器网络的基本性能限制，以及为特定应用开发系统部署和操作传感器网络的实用方法都很重要。