EAGER: An Energy-Efficient Autonomous Reactor for Remote Locations to Create Carbon Neutral Transportation Fuel from Waste Biomass

主要研究者：Atreya，Arvind提案编号：1339609机构：密歇根大学安娜堡标题：EAGER：一个节能自主反应器为偏远地区创造碳中性运输燃料从废物生物质拟议的工作将发展所需的科学和技术，设计一个节能，紧凑，自主，廉价的生物质反应器为偏远地区，将热化学处理芯片大小的颗粒（10？15mm）进入液体生物油中。它通过开发使用切片大小的空气干燥颗粒的技术，消除了干燥和粒度减小[约2 mm大小]的障碍。它实现了经济上有吸引力的高生物质处理速率，这在小规模反应器中用当前技术是不可能的。它还通过脱氧来升级生物油，使其成为传统炼油厂的原料。最后，拟议的分布式反应器技术对土壤可持续性很重要，因为反应器产生的矿物质和灰烬被分配回田地（或森林），以实现未来的可持续增长。从森林中移除多余的生物质还可以防止森林火灾，促进森林健康生长。因此，拟议的工作将提供数据和开发模型，以提供令人信服的概念验证。由于该项目的早期探索阶段，它是高风险的，但它有一个高回报的potential.This研究将提供宝贵的数据，这将导致通过广泛的测量温度，进化的化学物种，和质量损失率在不同的加热速率热解的各种形状的芯片大小的生物质颗粒及其合奏的更好的理解。本研究亦将利用扁圆及长轴座标系统，发展出一个包含各种形状粒子分解动力学及内压产生的统一预测数学模型。该模型还将为反应堆设计中使用的相关数据提供基础。提出了两种方法用于脱氧（升级）生物油。它们是：（i）在快速热解之前缓慢预热（烘焙）和（ii）在热解物冷凝之前使用催化剂过滤器。同时测量的化学过程中的生物油生产的GC和LC将量化的有效性，这两个建议的技术摆脱含氧化合物从biooil.This研究解决了国家的优先领域转换的国家？将可持续利用的生物质资源转化为液体燃料。如果成功，它将提供一种生产碳中性运输燃料的新方法，同时创造许多新的高薪工作岗位。此外，这项研究将有助于通过清除有害燃料和减少森林火灾的危险来恢复森林健康。美国每年花费数亿美元来扑灭野火，这些野火给私人和公共财产造成了数十亿美元的损失。这项研究也将产生巨大的教育影响，因为能源和可持续性是密歇根大学本科生和研究生中非常受欢迎的科目。虽然只有一个研究生将直接由该项目支持，我们将提供研究经验，给本科生，让他们有机会与研究生和PI的工作。

PI: Atreya, ArvindProposal Number: 1339609Institution: University of Michigan Ann ArborTitle: EAGER: An Energy-Efficient Autonomous Reactor for Remote Locations to Create Carbon Neutral Transportation Fuel from Waste BiomassThe proposed work will develop the science and technology needed to design an energy-efficient, compact, autonomous, and inexpensive biomass reactor for remote locations that will thermo-chemically process chipper-size particles (10?15 mm) into liquid bio-oil. It removes the impediments of drying and particle size reduction [~2 mm in size] by developing technology that will use chipper-size air-dried particles. It enables an economically attractive high biomass processing rates that are not possible with the current technology in a small-scale reactor. It also upgrades the bio-oil on-the-fly by de-oxygenating it such that it may become a feedstock in conventional petroleum refineries. Finally, the proposed distributed reactor technology is important for soil sustainability because the minerals and ash generated by the reactor are distributed back into the field (or forest) for sustainable future growth. Removal of excess biomass from the forests also prevents forest fires and promotes healthy forest growth.The proposed ideas are drastically different from the currently dominant approaches in the field. Therefore, the proposed work will provide data and develop models to provide a convincing proof-of- concept. Due to the early exploratory stage of this project, it is high-risk but it has a high-payoff potential.This research will provide invaluable data that will lead to an improved understanding of pyrolysis of various shape chipper-size biomass particles and their ensembles through extensive measurements of temperature, evolved chemical species, and mass loss rate at various heating rates. It will also develop a unified predictive mathematical model with decomposition kinetics and internal pressure generation for various shape particles by using oblate and prolate coordinate systems. The model will also provide a basis for correlating the data that will be used in reactor design. Two methods are proposed for de-oxygenating (upgrading) the bio-oil. These are: (i) slow preheating (torrefaction) prior to fast pyrolysis and (ii) use of a catalyst filter prior to pyrolyzate condensation. Simultaneous measurements of the chemistry during bio-oil production by GC and LC will quantify the effectiveness of the two proposed techniques for getting rid of oxygenates from bio-oil.This research addresses a national priority area of converting the nation?s sustainably available biomass resources into liquid fuels. If successful, it will offer a novel method of producing carbon-neutral transportation fuels while creating numerous new well-paying jobs. Further, this research will help restore the forest health by removing hazardous fuel and reduce the danger of forest fires. The United States spends hundreds of millions of dollars per year to combat wildland fires that cause billions of dollars worth of damage to private and public property. This research will also have a great educational impact because energy and sustainability are very popular subjects among undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Michigan. While only one graduate student will be directly supported by the project, we will provide research experience to undergraduate students by giving them the opportunity to work with the graduate student and the PI.