Future Directions for NSF Advanced Computing Infrastructure to Support US Science in 2017-2020

授予美国国家科学院的这一奖项将导致任命一个研究委员会，以审查先进计算的预期优先事项和相关权衡，以支持NSF赞助的科学和工程研究。先进的计算能力用于解决快速增长的具有挑战性的科学和工程问题，其中许多也是计算，通信和数据密集型的。研究委员会将考虑：（1）高端计算对美国在基础科学和工程领域的领导地位和竞争力的贡献，以及NSF在维持这一领导地位方面应发挥的作用;（2）预计未来国家规模的计算需求：高端需求，即由NSF支持的全方位基础科学和工程研究所产生的需求，以及支持建模、仿真和数据分析进步所需的计算基础设施;（3）支持先进计算生态系统的投资之间的互补性和权衡;软件、数据、通信;（4）为基础科学和工程研究提供计算基础设施的操作模型的范围，以及NSF支持在这些不同模型中的作用;以及（5）预期的技术挑战，以提供世界领先的科学和工程研究所需的能力。一份中期报告，将在项目开始后12个月内提交，将确定关键问题并讨论可能的选择。它可能包含初步调查结果和早期建议。最终报告将在项目开始后的24个月内提交，其中将包括一个关于NSF先进计算战略和计划的未来决策框架。该框架将解决如何确定需求和投资的优先次序以及如何平衡对网络基础设施投资的相互竞争的需求等问题。该报告将强调查明问题，阐明各种备选办法，并阐明权衡取舍和一般性建议。先进的计算能力是基础科学和工程的许多领域的核心，并被用于解决迅速增长的一系列具有挑战性的问题。这项活动将为提供这些能力的未来战略和投资提供信息。委员会的报告将讨论如何确定需求和投资的优先次序，以及如何平衡对网络基础设施投资的相互竞争的需求等问题。该研究的结果旨在为未来NSF在高级计算方面的投资决策提供信息。这些报告也将是一个宝贵的资源，为（1）科学和工程研究人员使用或可能使用先进的计算能力（为他们的报告将提供一个有用的概述的机会，挑战和未来的方向）和（2）那些进行研发的未来高性能计算（为他们的报告将提供一个有用的观点新兴的科学和工程的要求）。

This award to the National Academy of Sciences will result in the appointment of a study committee to examine anticipated priorities and associated tradeoffs for advanced computing in support of NSF-sponsored science and engineering research. Advanced computing capabilities are used to tackle a rapidly growing range of challenging science and engineering problems, many of which are compute-, communications-, and data-intensive as well. The study committee will consider: (1) The contribution of high end computing to U.S. leadership and competiveness in basic science and engineering and the role that NSF should play in sustaining this leadership; (2) Expected future national-scale computing needs: high end requirements, those arising from the full range of basic science and engineering research supported by NSF, as well as the computing infrastructure needed to support advances in modeling, simulation and data analysis; (3) Complementarities and tradeoffs that arise among investments in supporting advanced computing ecosystems; software, data, communications; (4) The range of operational models for delivering computational infrastructure, for basic science and engineering research, and the role of NSF support in these various models ; and (5) Expected technical challenges to affordably delivering the capabilities needed for world-leading scientific and engineering research.An interim report, to be delivered within 12 months of the project start, will identify key issues and discuss potential options. It may contain preliminary findings and early recommendations. A final report, to be delivered within 24 months of the project start, will include a framework for future decision-making about NSF's advanced computing strategy and programs. The framework would address such issues as how to prioritize needs and investments and how to balance competing demands for cyberinfrastructure investments. The report will emphasize identifying issues, explicating options, and articulating tradeoffs and general recommendations. Advanced computing capabilities are central to many areas of basic science and engineering, and are being used to tackle a rapidly growing range of challenging problems. This activity will inform future strategy and investments for delivering these capabilities. The committee reports will address such issues as how to prioritize needs and investments and how to balance competing demands for cyberinfrastructure investments. The results of the study are intended to inform decision-making about future NSF investments in advanced computing. The reports will also be a valuable resource for (1) science and engineering researchers that use or might use advanced computing capabilities (for whom the report would provide an useful overview of opportunities, challenges, and future directions) and (2) those conducting R&D on future high-performance computing (for whom the report would provide a useful view of emerging science and engineering requirements).