Ultrafast Omics Reveals Key Players in the Response of Plants to Abiotic Stress

超快组学揭示了植物对非生物胁迫反应的关键参与者

• 批准号: 1353886
• 负责人: Ron Mittler
• 金额: $ 72万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1353886&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ultrafast; Omics; Reveals; Key; Players

Environmental stresses such as heat or light stress can have a devastating impact on plant growth and yield under field conditions. Although much is known about the different signaling events that mediate plant responses to these stresses, virtually nothing is known about the rapid changes that occur in plants within seconds or minutes of stress initiation. Recent studies from the principal investigator's laboratories identified over 600 different genes, including 30 putative new Arabidopsis genes that respond to abiotic stress within seconds. Some of these responses occurred at the affected tissue as well as in tissues that were not directly subjected to stress and included metabolites and transcripts with important function in abiotic stress tolerance. Interestingly, many of these ultrafast responses were altered in mutants impaired in reactive oxygen signaling, which were more susceptible to stress, indicating that reactive oxygen species, ultrafast responses and plant acclimation are intimately linked. The hypothesis in this project is that the ultrafast molecular and physiological alterations that occur in plants within seconds or minutes of stress initiation set the stage for many of the known signaling events that orchestrate the activation of acclimation responses to environmental stresses and impact plant growth and productivity. The proposed research will highlight an unknown aspect of the plant abiotic stress response, namely ultrafast molecular and metabolic responses to stress. This could have a dramatic and transformative impact on the way we view and understand abiotic stress and its effects on plant metabolism. Results obtained from this study could lead to the development of new and novel approaches to enhance the tolerance of crops to local and/or global climatic changes using pathways and compounds that were not previously considered or known. The proposed study could also identify novel antioxidants and other compounds that function to reduce the effects of stress on cellular function. These could have a significant impact on many different biochemical and medical fields. The proposed project will provide training to 1 postdoctoral fellow, 1 graduate student, 4 undergraduates and 12 high school students including minorities. Outreach-based learning modules focusing on the importance of agriculture to our society, the effect of climatic change on agriculture, the use of genetic tools to improve crops, and the use of advanced imaging tools to study plant biology will be offered by the PIs to K-12 students through the outreach programs offered by the Elm Fork Education Center and the Elm Fork Natural Heritage Museum. These programs will also be offered to K-12 teachers nationwide.

在田间条件下，诸如热量或光压力之类的环境应力会对植物生长和产量产生毁灭性影响。尽管对介导植物对这些应力的反应的不同信号事件知之甚少，但实际上，在压力启动的几秒钟或分钟内，植物中发生的快速变化几乎一无所知。主要研究者实验室的最新研究确定了600多种不同的基因，其中包括30种推定的新拟南芥基因，这些基因在几秒钟内应对非生物胁迫。其中一些反应发生在受影响的组织以及没有直接承受应力的组织中，并包括在非生物胁迫耐受性中具有重要功能的代谢物和转录本。有趣的是，在活性氧信号中受损的突变体中，许多这些超快反应都会改变，这些突变体更容易受到压力，表明活性氧，超快反应和植物适应密切相关。该项目中的假设是，在压力启动的几秒钟或几分钟内发生的植物中发生的超快分子和生理变化为许多已知的信号事件奠定了基础，这些事件策划了对环境压力的激活反应的激活，并影响植物的生长和生产力。拟议的研究将突出植物非生物应激反应的未知方面，即对压力的超快分子和代谢反应。这可能会对我们看待和理解非生物压力及其对植物代谢的影响的方式产生巨大的变革性影响。从这项研究中获得的结果可能导致开发新的和新颖的方法，以使用先前未考虑或已知的途径和化合物来增强农作物对局部和/或全球气候变化的耐受性。拟议的研究还可以鉴定出新型的抗氧化剂和其他功能，以减少压力对细胞功能的影响。这些可能会对许多不同的生化和医学领域产生重大影响。拟议的项目将为1名博士后研究员，1名研究生，4名本科生和12名高中生提供培训。基于外展的学习模块着重于农业对我们的社会的重要性，气候变化对农业的影响，使用遗传工具来改善农作物的使用以及使用先进的成像工具来研究植物生物学，将通过ELM Fork教育中心和Elm Fork Fork Fork Memerum提供PIS的K-12学生提供植物生物学。这些计划还将提供给全国的K-12教师。