SG: Genome-wide analysis of phylogenetic conflict in the wheat tribe, Triticeae

SG：小麦族（小麦科）系统发育冲突的全基因组分析

• 批准号: 1354975
• 负责人: Roberta Mason-Gamer
• 金额: $ 14.98万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354975&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SG; Genome; wide; analysis; phylogenetic

The wheat tribe, Triticeae, comprises about 350 grass species, including wheat, barley, and rye. Genetic exchange among species has played a major role in the group?s complicated evolutionary history, so a clear understanding of the relationships among species remains elusive. In species that exchange genetic material, the genomes can be mosaics derived from multiple sources, and as a result, evolutionary relationships inferred from genetic data can differ depending on which portion of the genome is used for the inference. Gene exchange has been convincingly implicated in the Triticeae, but the extent is still unknown. This research addresses the question by applying a genome-wide approach, sampling large numbers of short DNA sequences from throughout the entire genome from a broad sample of Triticeae species. The density of genome sampling, combined with the ability to determine the genomic location of the sampled sequences, will lead to a better assessment of the extent of genetic exchange, including which species are involved, and which regions of the genome are most affected.The results of this work will be informative to Triticeae breeders who rely on the processes of hybridization and gene exchange as tools for crop improvement. The methods of data analysis developed in this project will be useful for studies of other groups of organisms that undergo gene exchange. The funding will support training for one graduate student, along with discussion groups and training for a selected group of undergraduates from Olive-Harvey College, a minority-serving two-year college in Chicago.

小麦族，小麦科，包括大约350种草，包括小麦、大麦和黑麦。物种间的基因交换在这个群体中扮演了重要的角色。由于人类复杂的进化史，所以对物种间关系的清晰理解仍然是难以捉摸的。在交换遗传物质的物种中，基因组可以是来自多个来源的马赛克，因此，根据遗传数据推断的进化关系可能因使用基因组的哪一部分进行推断而有所不同。基因交换已令人信服地与小麦科有关，但其程度尚不清楚。这项研究通过应用全基因组方法解决了这个问题，从整个小麦科物种的广泛样本中取样了大量的短DNA序列。基因组取样的密度，加上确定取样序列的基因组位置的能力，将有助于更好地评估遗传交换的程度，包括哪些物种参与其中，哪些基因组区域受影响最大。本研究结果将为依靠杂交和基因交换作为作物改良工具的小麦育种者提供参考。本项目所建立的数据分析方法，将有助于研究其他进行基因交换的生物群体。这笔资金将用于培训一名研究生，以及为奥利维-哈维学院（Olive-Harvey College）挑选的一组本科生提供讨论小组和培训。奥利维-哈维学院是芝加哥一所招收少数族裔学生的两年制学院。