Collaborative Research: A 650,000 year record of hydroclimate in the Western Pacific Warm Pool: Scientific Drilling at Lake Towuti, Indonesia

非技术摘要这项研究将重建过去65万年来印度尼西亚中部的气候和环境变化。为了实现这一目标，项目科学家将从印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛上的一个大湖Towuti湖的底部钻取长沉积物岩心，该湖泊包含东南亚任何地方已知的最长陆地气候记录。这些核心将分析其物理，化学和生物特性，以推断热带太平洋地区中心过去的降雨变化。这些数据将用于评估区域降雨对轨道周期变化、温室气体变化和全球冰川-间冰期周期的响应热带西太平洋是全球气候系统的一个极其重要的部分，但对它对全球气候强迫和变化的响应仍然知之甚少。这项工作将提供最长的连续气候记录，以调查控制印度尼西亚气候变化的基本过程。该研究团队将与来自印度尼西亚、德国、瑞士、加拿大和澳大利亚的科学家合作，为学生和教师提供跨学科和国际研究培训机会。该项目将有助于开发新的博物馆展示，并将通过实时网络外展活动吸引公众。技术摘要托武蒂湖是东南亚最大的构造湖，是国际大陆科学钻探计划（ICDP）中的一个高优先级古气候目标。地震反射和浅层沉积物岩心表明，Towuti湖包含一个100-200米厚的分层湖相沉积物，连续跨越过去约65万年BP，是东南亚已知最长的陆地剖面。这项研究-来自布朗大学，罗得岛大学和明尼苏达大学的科学家之间的合作-将调查热带西太平洋气候对轨道强迫和全球气候边界条件变化的响应。这项研究是Towuti湖多国钻探计划的一部分。该奖项为钻探提供资金，开发岩心的年龄模型，并根据一套沉积学，地球化学和有机地球化学测量结果生成过去约650，000年的气候代用品重建。知识价值：热带西太平洋水文的变化对全球大气环流和大气水蒸气（最丰富的温室气体）的浓度产生巨大影响。尽管西太平洋水文对全球气候的反应非常重要，但其不确定性仍然很大。该小组将收集和开发该区域现有的最长的连续气候记录，并将该记录与低纬度和高纬度海洋和陆地站点的重建进行比较，以了解热带太平洋水文气候对过去65万年来轨道强迫和全球气候边界条件变化的响应。这项工作将为热带水文长期变化的机制提供重要的见解，并将为古气候模型提供一个基准测试平台，以模拟不同边界条件下的气候。该项目将为美国和印度尼西亚的学生和科学家提供跨学科的国际研究培训和学习机会。这项工作将有助于开发新的博物馆展览，并将通过网络外联活动，通过互动使公众与该领域的科学家接触。迄今为止，这项研究在印度尼西亚引起了相当大的宣传和当地教育机会，包括国家电视台的纪录片节目。该团队将在整个项目中继续开展这些活动。

NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACTThis research will reconstruct the past climatic and environmental change in central Indonesia over the last 650,000 years. To accomplish this goal, project scientists will drill long sediment cores from the bottom of Lake Towuti, a large lake on the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, which contains the longest known record of terrestrial climate from anywhere in southeast Asia. These cores will be analyzed for their physical, chemical, and biological properties to deduce past variations in rainfall in the heart of the tropical Pacific region. These data will be used to assess the response of regional rainfall to changes in orbital cycles, greenhouse-gas variations, and global glacial-interglacial cycles.The tropical western Pacific is an extremely important part of the global climate system, yet its response to global climate forcings and change remains poorly understood. This work will provide the longest continuous record of climate available to investigate the fundamental processes that control Indonesian climate variations. The research team will collaborate with scientists from Indonesia, Germany, Switzerland, Canada, and Australia on this project, stimulating interdisciplinary and international research training opportunities for students and teachers. The project will contribute to developing new museum displays and will engage the public via live web outreach activities.TECHNICAL ABSTRACTLake Towuti is the largest tectonic lake in Southeast Asia and is a high priority paleoclimate target within the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP). Seismic reflection and shallow sediment cores indicate that Lake Towuti contains a 100-200 m thick section of stratified lacustrine sediment that continuously spans the last ~650,000 years BP, the longest known terrestrial section in Southeast Asia. This research--a collaboration between scientists from Brown University, the University of Rhode Island, and the University of Minnesota--will investigate the response of tropical western Pacific climate to changes in orbital forcing and global climate boundary conditions through the late Pleistocene. The research is part of a multinational drilling program on Lake Towuti. This award provides funding to drill, to develop age models for the cores, and generate climate proxy reconstructions of the past ~650,000 years based upon a suite sedimentological, geochemical, and organic geochemical measurements.Intellectual Merit: Changes in tropical western Pacific hydrology exert enormous influence on global atmospheric circulation and on the concentration of atmospheric water vapor, the most abundant greenhouse gas. Despite its importance, the response of western Pacific hydrology to global climate remains highly uncertain. The team will collect and develop the longest continuous record of climate available from this region and compare this record with reconstructions from low and high-latitude marine and terrestrial sites to understand the response of tropical Pacific hydroclimate to changes in orbital forcing and global climate boundary conditions during the last 650,000 years.Broader Impacts: This work will provide important insight into the mechanisms governing long-term change in tropical hydrology and will provide a benchmark test-bed for paleoclimate models to simulate climate under different boundary conditions than the present. This project will provide interdisciplinary, international research training and learning opportunities to US and Indonesian students and scientists. This work will contribute to the development of new museum displays, and will engage the public with scientists in the field via interactions through web outreach activities. The research to date generated considerable publicity and local educational opportunities within Indonesia, including documentary programs on national television. The team will continue these activities throughout this project.