Electricity Generation and Enhanced Heat Transfer via Pulsating Ferro-Nanofluid

CBET -1403872回收废弃能源的新方法可以减少对化石燃料的依赖，实现离网发电，并提高车辆和建筑物的效率。传统的热电材料可用于这些应用;然而，由于其相对较低的热导率和较低的熔化温度，它们的使用受到限制。拟议的研究项目集中在一种新的热能到电能的收集/转换方法上，该方法由一个毛细管大小的热管组成，热管中充满了通过温差运行的磁性流体。当振荡热管（OHP）内的磁性流体暴露于螺线管时，产生交流电流。OHP的高导热性和温度稳定性将允许它们在传统热电材料不可行的条件和应用中使用。这个新的废热回收过程将为能源回收和热管理提供一种新的方法，在广泛的能源效率的应用。该项目的研究目标是更好地了解“热流体感应”，一个独特的热动力学电磁能量转换过程固有的温度驱动流动的磁性纳米流体附近的螺线管，可以导致传热增强和发电。将在各种OHP平台上进行精心设计的实验，以确定设计和操作参数对这些OHP在热通量和发电方面的性能的影响。各种纳米流体将被合成，然后使用广泛的技术，包括动态光散射（DLS），原子力显微镜（AFM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）的特点，以确定其物理和热特性之前和之后的OHP操作。将研究热疲劳和纳米颗粒沉降的影响。还将建造一个透明的OHP，以更好地了解纳米流体和OHP操作参数对能量收集、流体力学和传热的影响程度。热动力学电磁建模将通过利用和修改现有的多物理场软件选择OHP模型。研究目标是确定：（1）磁场和热传递在螺线管附近的铁纳米流体的热驱动脉动毛细管流中耦合的程度，（2）如何通过改变特定的设计参数在振荡热管中有效地传递热量和/或产生磁场，（3）铁纳米流体的热驱动脉动毛细管流在多大程度上可以：（i）增强热传递和/或（ii）影响纳米颗粒悬浮性（凝聚）和颗粒尺寸/分布（即纳米流体的热疲劳），以及最后（4）一种新的多物理场分析/数值模型，其有助于预测热流体感应所固有的热传递和发电。

CBET - 1403872ThompsonNew methods for harvesting waste energy can allow for reduced fossil fuel-dependence, off-grid power generation and more efficient vehicles and buildings. Traditional thermoelectric materials can be used for these applications; however, their use is limited due to their relatively low thermal conductivities and low melting temperatures. The proposed research project centers on a new thermal-to-electrical energy harvesting/conversion method comprised of a capillary-sized heat pipe filled with magnetic fluid that operates via temperature difference. When the magnetic fluid inside the oscillating heat pipe (OHP) is exposed to a solenoid, an electrical alternating-current is generated. The high thermal conductivity and temperature stability of OHPs will allow for their utilization in conditions and applications where traditional thermoelectric materials are not viable. This new waste-heat recovery process will provide a new method for energy recovery and thermal management in a wide range of energy efficient applications.The project's research objective is to better understand "thermofluidic induction" a unique thermo-kinetic-electromagnetic energy conversion process inherent to temperature-driven flow of magnetic nanofluid near a solenoid which can result in heat transfer enhancement and electrical power generation. Well-designed experiments on various OHP platforms will be conducted to determine the influence of the design and operating parameters on the performance of these OHPs in terms of heat flux and electrical power generation. Various nanofluids will be synthesized and then characterized using a wide range of techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in order to determine their physical and thermal characteristics before and after OHP-operation. The effects of thermal fatigue and nanoparticle settling will be studied. A transparent OHP will also be constructed to better understand the extent to which the nanofluid and OHP operating parameters affect energy harvesting, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. Thermo-kinetic-electromagnetic modeling will be accomplished by utilizing and modifying available multiphysics software on select OHP models. The research objectives are to determine: (1) the extent to which the magnetic field and heat transfer are coupled in thermally-driven, pulsating capillary flow of ferro-nanofluid near a solenoid, (2) how to effectively transfer heat and/or generate a magnetic field in an oscillating heat pipe by varying specific design parameters, (3) the extent to which thermally-driven, pulsating capillary flows of ferro-nanofluids can: (i) enhance heat transfer and/or (ii) affect nanoparticle suspendability (agglomeration) and particle size/distribution (i.e. thermal fatigue of nanofluids) and finally (4) a novel, multiphysics analytical/numerical model that aids in predicting heat transfer and electrical power generation inherent to thermofluidic induction.