Coordination Polymer Heterostructures

本项目将对纳米尺度和中观尺度配位聚合物异质结构的结构方面进行一系列系统的研究。目标是更好地理解配位聚合物网络如何适应界面的存在，从而了解如何使用界面来控制性能。具体的研究将阐明由界面引起的结构变化的本质，例如双轴或各向同性，以及如果应变是压缩的和拉伸的，结构变化是如何不同的。我们还将探讨应变或结构重组持续存在的界面深度，以及允许异质结构元件之间外延关系的结构参数的限制。在比较静态结构之后，将研究弹性过程以及一个组件中的光或热诱导结构事件如何通过界面在另一个组件中表现出来。研究将集中在普鲁士蓝类似物家族的氰金属酸盐配位聚合物上，利用20多种基于第一排过渡金属的易于获取且空气稳定的类似物。广泛的异质结构是已知的，允许通过控制粒度，结构，组成和组分厚度来研究参数的系统变化。分析的主要方法将是x射线衍射，同时使用实验室和同步加速器源。x射线散射的数据将由电子显微镜和电子衍射加以补充。非技术总结复合粒子或“异质结构”的简单前景是在单一材料中结合多种特性。然而，除了简单地添加属性之外，组件之间的协同还可以产生新的行为和新的功能。当异质结构导致“超过部分的总和”时，是组成部分之间的界面导致了新的性质。该项目的目标是了解界面如何改变一类称为配位聚合物异质结构的新材料的结构，然后深入了解如何使用这些异质结构来控制性能。广义的结果可以为当前材料科学的许多领域提供信息，包括磁性，电池技术，材料的热性能，气体储存和分离，催化以及生物分析和生物材料中的应用。这些研究任务旨在成为研究生和本科生教育的平台，为他们提供为高科技劳动力做出贡献所需的“21世纪技能”。研究活动强调学科之间的合作，包括美国机构之间和国际合作伙伴之间的合作，并将充分利用先进光子源，这是美国主要的多用户设施，学生可以在这里接受培训。

TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe project will undertake a series of systematic investigations of the structural aspects of nanometer scale and mesoscale coordination polymer heterostructures. The goals are to better understand how coordination polymer networks accommodate the presence of an interface and, therefore, how interfaces can be used to control properties. Specific studies will elucidate the nature of structural changes induced by an interface, for example biaxial or isotropic, and how the structural changes differ if the strain is compressive vs tensile. The depth away from the interface that strain or structural reorganization persists and the limits of structural parameters that allow epitaxial relationships between the heterostructure components will also be explored. After comparing static structures, elastic processes and how a light- or thermally-induced structural event in one component is manifested in the other component via the interface will be investigated. Studies will focus on cyanometallate coordination polymers of the Prussian blue analogue family, taking advantage of more than twenty easily accessible and air-stable analogues based on first-row transition metals. A wide range of heterostructures are known, allowing for systematic variation of the parameters to be studied via control of particle size, structure, composition and component thickness. The principal method of analysis will be X-ray diffraction, using both laboratory and synchrotron sources. Data from X-ray scattering will be complemented by electron microscopy and electron diffraction. NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThe simple promise of composite particles, or "heterostructures", is combining more than one property in a single material. However, beyond simply adding properties, synergy between components can lead to new behavior and new function. When heterostructures lead to "more than the sum of the parts", it is the interface between the constituents that causes the new properties. The goals of the project are to learn how interfaces change the structures of a new class of materials, called coordination polymer heterostructures, and to then develop insights into how these heterostructures can be used to control properties. Generalized results can inform many areas of current materials science, including magnetism, battery technology, thermal properties of materials, gas storage and separations, catalysis, as well as applications in bioanalysis and biomaterials. The research tasks are designed to be platforms for graduate and undergraduate student education, preparing them with the "21st-Century Skills" needed to contribute to a high-technology workforce. The research activities emphasize collaboration between disciplines, both among US institutions and with international partners, and will make significant use of the Advanced Photon Source, a major US multi-user facility where students receive training.