Collaborative Research: Threat Perception Following Mass Violence Events

合作研究：大规模暴力事件后的威胁感知

• 批准号: 1423697
• 负责人: Yu-Ru Lin
• 金额: $ 2.13万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-11-01 至 2017-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1423697&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Threat; Perception; Following

Experiencing mass violence, terrorism, or other traumatic events can shape how individuals perceive and respond to their social world. Anecdotally, following extensive media coverage of mass violence events, many report perceiving objects, people, and situations as particularly threatening; and, as media coverage shifts to emphasize resilience and community cohesion, this hypervigilance for threats seems to dissipate. Karen Quigley (Northeastern University), Yu-Ru Lin (University of Pittsburgh) and their collaborators will empirically test how emotionally potent media coverage of a real-world threat alters threat perception (i.e., the perception of a potentially harmful event, situation or stimulus as present or imminent). Specifically, they will test the hypothesis that media coverage focusing on death and destruction caused by a serious real-world threat event will have a more detrimental impact on subsequent threat perception than media coverage of the same event that focuses on people's heroic responses to the threat. This work could reveal potential harmful real-world consequences of emotionally potent media reporting of a terrorism event as well as suggest methods for alleviating such effects (e.g., by reporting on positive responses to such tragedies, like the heroics of first responders). This work will also help characterize the types of individuals who are at greatest risk of altered threat perception after a mass violence or terrorism event or when media attention to such events increases. This project will examine the effects of real-world mass violence on threat perception among members of an affected community using multiple threat perception paradigms in the laboratory. A longitudinal study will be used to assess changes in threat perception before, during and after renewed media coverage near an upcoming anniversary of the Boston Marathon bombings, a potent real-world mass violence event that killed three and injured more than 250. The investigators will utilize novel media tracking measures to assess changes in exposure to media coverage of the bombings and threat-related events at both the community-wide and individual level. Specifically, the research will examine changes in threat perception as a result of (1) naturally-occurring changes in participants' exposure to actual media coverage of the Boston Marathon bombings near an upcoming anniversary of the tragedy and (2) in-lab exposure to media-style vignettes about the bombings that are designed to specifically activate negative or positive concepts related to the tragedy. A second, cross-sectional study will examine responses to physical threats (i.e., guns) and social threats (i.e., scowling faces) shown outside of conscious awareness. This will test whether exposure and affective framing can influence the conscious detectability of physical and social threats. Taken together, this research will provide a better understanding of how real-world mass violence and the media response to it can influence basic perceptual mechanisms that underlie changes in every day judgments and behaviors among members of the affected communities.

经历大规模暴力，恐怖主义或其他创伤事件可以塑造个人对社会世界的看法和回应。在广泛的媒体报道大规模暴力事件之后，许多报道说，人们认为物体，人和情况特别有威胁性。而且，随着媒体报道的转变以强调韧性和社区凝聚力，这种威胁的过度维持似乎消失了。卡伦·奎利（Karen Quigley）（东北大学），菲林大学（匹兹堡大学）及其合作者将经验测试对现实世界威胁的情感有效媒体报道如何改变威胁感知（即，对潜在的有害事件，情况或刺激或刺激为现存或刺激）。具体而言，他们将检验以下假设：与媒体对人们对威胁对威胁的英勇反应的媒体报道相比，由严重的现实威胁事件造成的媒体报道将对死亡和破坏造成的死亡和破坏会对随后的威胁感知产生更大的影响。这项工作可以揭示情感上有害的媒体报道对恐怖主义事件的报道的潜在有害现实世界的后果，并提出了减轻这种影响的方法（例如，通过报告对此类悲剧的积极回应，例如第一反应者的英雄主义者）。这项工作还将有助于表征那些在大规模暴力或恐怖主义事件后或媒体对此类事件的关注时，面临最大威胁感知风险的个人类型。该项目将使用实验室中多种威胁感知范式来研究现实世界中大规模暴力对受影响社区成员威胁感知的影响。 A longitudinal study will be used to assess changes in threat perception before, during and after renewed media coverage near an upcoming anniversary of the Boston Marathon bombings, a potent real-world mass violence event that killed three and injured more than 250. The investigators will utilize novel media tracking measures to assess changes in exposure to media coverage of the bombings and threat-related events at both the community-wide and individual level.具体而言，该研究将检查威胁感知的变化，这是因为（1）与参与者对波士顿马拉松爆炸的实际媒体报道的自然发生变化，在悲剧的即将到来的周年纪念日附近，以及（2）（2）对媒体风格的维格内特（Vignettes of Drightics of Actiptics Offication Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation Compation）的影响。第二项横断面研究将研究对身体威胁（即枪支）和社会威胁（即皱眉的面孔）的回应，这些反应在有意识的意识之外显示出来。这将测试暴露和情感框架是否会影响物理和社会威胁的有意识可检测性。综上所述，这项研究将更好地理解现实世界中的大规模暴力及其对媒体的反应如何影响基本的感知机制，这些机制是受影响社区成员之间每天判断和行为的改变。

项目成果

Visual topic discovering, tracking and summarization from social media streams

• DOI: 10.1007/s11042-016-3877-1
• 发表时间: 2017-04
• 期刊: Multimedia Tools and Applications
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Zhao Lu;Y. Lin;Xiaoxian Huang;N. Xiong;Zhijun Fang

Tracking Disaster Response and Relief Following the 2015 Nepal Earthquake

跟踪 2015 年尼泊尔地震后的救灾和救援工作

• DOI: 10.1109/cic.2016.075
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: International Workshop on Collaborative Internet Computing for Disaster Management (CIC­DM 2016
• 作者: Su, Yue;Lan, Ziyi;Lin, Yu-Ru;Comfort, Louise K.;Joshi, James
• 通讯作者: Joshi, James

Measuring and monitoring collective attention during shocking events

• DOI: 10.1140/epjds/s13688-017-0126-4
• 发表时间: 2017-11-22
• 期刊: EPJ DATA SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: He, Xingsheng;Lin, Yu-Ru
• 通讯作者: Lin, Yu-Ru

PairFac: Event Analytics through Discriminant Tensor Factorization

• DOI: 10.1145/2983323.2983837
• 发表时间: 2016-10
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 25th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management
• 作者: Xidao Wen;Y. Lin;K. Pelechrinis

The Signals and Noise: Actionable Information in Improvised Social Media Channels During a Disaster

• DOI: 10.1145/3091478.3091501
• 发表时间: 2017-06
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Web Science Conference
• 作者: Xingsheng He;Di Lu;Drew B. Margolin;Mengdi Wang;S. E. Idrissi;Y. Lin