Carbides, Nitrides and Related Materials in Earth, Planetary, and Materials Science

地球、行星和材料科学中的碳化物、氮化物和相关材料

• 批准号: 1441423
• 负责人: Alexandra Navrotsky
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1441423&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Carbides; Nitrides; Related; Materials; Earth

Carbon, carbides, and nitrides are among the earliest crystalline phases in the solar nebula. There is increasing interest in carbides and nitrides as minor accessories in the Earth's mantle as retainers of refractory elements and as participants in the global carbon and nitrogen cycles. At the same time, amorphous materials containing Si, C, O, N and other elements (e.g. polymer derived ceramics) are a promising new class of materials with possible applications from spark plugs to batteries. A workshop on carbides, nitrides and related materials in geological, planetary, and materials science, and solid state chemistry could catalyze research in this field and establish the links between these communities, bundled by their growing interest in these materials. Until now, in spite of their importance, the diverse communities who work on these materials have not communicated well with each other, especially across the materials science-geoscience frontier. This team hopes to bring these diverse communities together to promote longer-term collaboration and to determine directions for future research. The workshop will give students and postdocs a first-hand experience of nascent frontier research across borders of disciplines. A short term outcome might be a scientific review in a broad journal such as Science or Nature, summarizing exciting new commonalities, findings and opportunities. A longer term outcome will be joint research and a cadre of young people conversant in basic concepts of both materials science and geoscience. Such crossover is needed to address broader problems of energy, sustainability, critical resources, and climate change. Impact on new technological materials could be substantial.

碳、碳化物和氮化物是太阳星云中最早的结晶相。碳化物和氮化物作为地幔中的次要附件，作为难熔元素的保持者和作为全球碳和氮循环的参与者，越来越引起人们的兴趣。同时，含有Si、C、O、N和其他元素的非晶材料（例如聚合物衍生的陶瓷）是一类有前途的新材料，其可能的应用范围从火花塞到电池。关于地质、行星和材料科学以及固态化学中的碳化物、氮化物和相关材料的研讨会可以促进这一领域的研究，并在这些社区之间建立联系，因为他们对这些材料的兴趣越来越大。到目前为止，尽管它们很重要，但从事这些材料工作的不同社区彼此之间并没有很好地沟通，特别是在材料科学-地球科学前沿。该团队希望将这些不同的社区聚集在一起，以促进长期合作，并确定未来研究的方向。该研讨会将为学生和博士后提供跨学科边界的新生前沿研究的第一手经验。短期成果可能是在《科学》或《自然》等广泛期刊上发表科学评论，总结令人兴奋的新共性、发现和机会。一个长期的成果将是联合研究和一批熟悉材料科学和地球科学基本概念的年轻人。这种交叉需要解决能源，可持续性，关键资源和气候变化等更广泛的问题。对新技术材料的影响可能是巨大的。