Energetics of Spatially Confined Solids

空间受限固体的能量学

• 批准号: 0601892
• 负责人: Alexandra Navrotsky
• 金额: $ 60.9万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-15 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0601892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Energetics; Spatially; Confined; Solids

Technical abstractMany solids are heterogeneous on the half to one nanometer scale and are composed of disparate building blocks, layers, or frameworks containing pores or channels. Zeolites and mesoporous materials represent one such group and many others feature a strongly bonded or geometrically continuous "host" confining "guest" species. This project addresses the common energetic features of such confinement in unconventional frameworks containing Germanium, Phosphorous, and transition metals in clathrates such as silica clathrasils and Zintl-type intermetallic semiconductors. The materials have applications as catalysts, ion exchangers, thermoelectrics, and optical materials. They are important in the environmental transport of heavy metals and radionuclides. The unique Thermochemistry Facility welcomes collaborations and is active in educating students and postdoctoral scholars in applying thermodynamics to their own work. Calorimetry will provide the core of special topics courses, often with a hands-on component. The PI will host an international conference on high temperature materials chemistry. The research group is diverse in gender and ethnic, cultural and scientific background, and the PI is a role model as a successful senior woman scientist.Non-technical abstractMany solids are composed of disparate building blocks, layers, or frameworks containing chemically reactive pores or channels. They feature a strongly bonded or geometrically continuous "host" confining "guest" species. By measuring the stability of these materials through advanced calorimetric techniques which measure the heat effects associated with structural and chemical changes in the solids, this project will advance both fundamental knowledge and applications of these materials. The materials have applications as catalysts, ion exchangers, thermoelectrics, and optical materials, and they are important in the environmental transport of heavy metals and radionuclides. The PI will host an international conference on high temperature materials chemistry. The research group is diverse in gender and ethnic, cultural and scientific background, and the PI is a role model as a successful senior woman scientist.

技术摘要许多固体在半纳米到一纳米尺度上是不均匀的，并且由不同的构建块、层或框架组成，这些构建块、层或框架包含孔或通道。沸石和介孔材料代表一个这样的基团，而许多其他基团的特征是强键的或几何上连续的“主体”限制“客体”物种。该项目解决了在非常规框架中这种限制的共同能量特征，这些框架中包含了包合物中的锗、磷和过渡金属，如硅栅和锌型金属间半导体。这些材料可用作催化剂、离子交换器、热电材料和光学材料。它们在重金属和放射性核素的环境运输中很重要。独特的热化学设施欢迎合作，并积极教育学生和博士后学者将热力学应用于他们自己的工作。量热学将提供专题课程的核心内容，通常还包括实践部分。国际高温材料化学协会将主办一次国际高温材料化学会议。该研究小组在性别、种族、文化和科学背景方面具有多样性，PI是成功的高级女科学家的榜样。非技术摘要许多固体由不同的积木、层或框架组成，其中包含具有化学反应的毛孔或通道。它们的特点是一个紧密结合的或几何上连续的“宿主”限制“客体”物种。通过先进的量热技术测量固体中与结构和化学变化相关的热效应来测量这些材料的稳定性，该项目将促进这些材料的基础知识和应用。这些材料在催化剂、离子交换器、热电材料和光学材料等方面有应用，在重金属和放射性核素的环境运输中也很重要。国际高温材料化学协会将主办一次国际高温材料化学会议。该研究小组在性别、种族、文化和科学背景方面具有多样性，PI是一名成功的高级女科学家的榜样。