Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Craft Production And Population Movement Interaction

博士论文改进补助金：手工业生产与人口流动互动

• 批准号: 1443431
• 负责人: Randall McGuire
• 金额: $ 2.15万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Binghamton
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1443431&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Craft

In an increasingly global society archaeologists are uniquely positioned to examine cross-cultural exchange along an extended timescale. Tracking how new ideas spread has broad implications for understanding how artisans respond to technologies, accept skilled producers and learn new ways of doing. Whether populations accept, reject, or modify these new technologies depends on how they are introduced, and what these new technologies represent. Changes in craft production becomes a case study of how ideas are transmitted (or fail to be transmitted) in contact situations, bringing together concepts of self, identity and cultural belonging. Specifically, this dissertation addresses how American and Mexican indigenous groups interacted and introduced new pottery manufacturing technologies across a cultural frontier. The modern international border artificially divides current research on these prehispanic cultures, creating an inaccurate image of how indigenous population exchanged ideas and goods. Additionally, both the border and language divide prevent communication between researchers. The researcher's conference presentations and publications on these data will bring northern Mexican archaeological research to an English-speaking audience, diminishing the effect of the modern boundary on cultures that were once continuous. The research will be conducted by Tanya Chiykowski, a graduate student at SUNY Binghamton and will provide data for her doctoral dissertation thesis. Thus it will further her intellectual and professional advancement.The late prehistoric Southwest US was a landscape of warfare, migration and identity formation. Archaeologists study the movement of potters, materials and techniques to understand this period of upheaval, by tracking ceramic styles, using geologic sourcing to map exchange, and recording the history of technological style. American ceramicists have developed extensive methods and databases to address questions of identity and craft production in the U.S. Southwest; however, Northwest Mexico presents an abrupt termination to these research questions. In Sonora, archaeologists have clear evidence of population upheaval after AD 1300. Southern Arizona Hohokam groups migrated into the Altar Valley in Sonora, Mexico, bringing with them new ceramic technologies and displacing a resident Trincheras population to the Middle Magdalena valley. While the presence of large amounts of Hohokam ceramics at Cerro de Trincheras in the Middle Magdalena valley suggests that Trincheras and Hohokam populations interacted, neither how the process occurred nor the impact of those linkages is well understood. What processes caused such a large percentage of "foreign" ceramics at Cerro de Trincheras? The investigators will use ceramic petrography and GIS analysis to address the likelihood of trade, community migration and the movement of women, all hotly debated mechanisms of introducing new technology.

在日益全球化的社会中，考古学家处于独特的地位，可以在较长的时间尺度上研究跨文化交流。 追踪新想法的传播方式对于了解工匠如何应对技术、接受熟练的生产者以及学习新的制作方法具有广泛的意义。人们是否接受、拒绝或修改这些新技术取决于它们的引入方式以及这些新技术代表什么。 手工艺生产的变化成为思想如何在接触情境中传播（或未能传播）的案例研究，将自我、身份和文化归属感的概念结合在一起。 具体来说，本论文探讨了美国和墨西哥土著群体如何跨文化前沿互动并引入新的陶器制造技术。现代国际边界人为地划分了当前对这些前西班牙文化的研究，对土著居民如何交换思想和商品产生了不准确的印象。此外，边界和语言鸿沟阻碍了研究人员之间的交流。研究人员关于这些数据的会议演讲和出版物将把墨西哥北部的考古研究带给英语读者，从而减少现代边界对曾经连续的文化的影响。该研究将由纽约州立大学宾厄姆顿分校的研究生 Tanya Chiykowski 进行，并将为其博士论文提供数据。因此，这将进一步促进她的智力和专业进步。史前晚期的美国西南部充满了战争、移民和身份形成。 考古学家通过追踪陶瓷风格、利用地质来源绘制地图交换以及记录技术风格的历史，研究陶艺家、材料和技术的流动，以了解这一剧变时期。美国陶艺家开发了广泛的方法和数据库来解决美国西南部的身份和工艺品生产问题；然而，墨西哥西北部突然终止了这些研究问题。 在索诺拉，考古学家掌握了公元 1300 年之后人口剧变的明确证据。亚利桑那州南部的 Hohokam 群体迁移到墨西哥索诺拉的阿尔塔谷，带来了新的陶瓷技术，并将当地的特林彻拉 (Trincheras) 人口迁移到了马格达莱纳中部山谷。 虽然马格达莱纳山谷中部的特林切拉斯山 (Cerro de Trincheras) 存在大量霍霍卡姆陶瓷，这表明特林切拉斯 (Trincheras) 和霍霍卡姆 (Hohokam) 种群之间存在相互作用，但这一过程是如何发生的，以及这些联系的影响尚不清楚。 是什么过程导致特林切拉斯山出现如此大比例的“外国”陶瓷？ 研究人员将使用陶瓷岩相学和地理信息系统分析来解决贸易、社区移民和妇女流动的可能性，这些都是引入新技术的机制中备受争议的问题。