Conceptualizing Cultural Contact And Transmission Across International Boundaries

研究人员越来越多地质疑以民族国家等有限的、自力更生的社会单位来看待世界的概念。 相反，他们认为世界在文化、经济和政治上相互联系，人口、货物和信息的大规模流动。在这种高度流动的背景下，人们创造和重新创造民族、文化和种族身份。 对这些过程的研究是理解社会变革和文化冲突的关键。 考古学特别适合研究人类历史长河中的连通性、运动和民族起源。 宾厄姆顿大学的麦圭尔博士沿着墨西哥同事将在梅西科西北部和美国西南部的史前民族中研究这些过程。该项目的重点是墨西哥索诺拉北方的Trincheras传统，以研究连接墨西哥中部与美国西南部的连通性，运动和民族起源。该项目超越了美国-墨西哥边境，以建立当代研究联系并促进国际合作。它将研究与教育相结合，以促进教学，培训和学习。这是一个两国项目，雇用美国和墨西哥的学生在合作研究计划。它向这些学生介绍了现有的网络，连接北美和墨西哥考古学家在北方梅西科。研究的公共教育部分包括在美国和梅西科的讲座以及来自两国的感兴趣的公共团体的实地考察。研究人员在梅西科和美国通过科学渠道、流行期刊和博物馆展品发表了他们的研究结果。麦圭尔博士和他的同事研究了公元1200年前的Trincheras传统人是如何参与一系列文化传统的，这些传统将亚利桑那州南部的史前霍霍坎人与西梅西科的史前文化联系起来。项目？的跨国，合作研究评估三种替代方案的运动，连通性和民族起源的过程中Trincheras传统。Trincheras作为Hohokam模型提出Trincheras传统是Hohokam最南端的延伸。墨西哥移民模式设想了一个跨越北方索诺拉和亚利桑那州南部的共同文化，霍霍坎移民在亚利桑那州南部取代。西墨西哥模式认为，在公元13世纪之前，Trincheras传统是一系列文化传统的一部分，这些传统将亚利桑那州南部的人民与西墨西哥的史前文化联系起来。该项目收集数据，通过在公元1200年之前的Trincheras传统遗址进行第一次密集挖掘来测试这些模型。评估这三个替代方案有助于考古学家更好地了解跨越美国和墨西哥的过程。在这样做的过程中，这项研究有助于我们了解大陆范围内的社会变革和文化冲突。这种理解产生了对连通性、运动和民族起源作为人类状况的普遍方面的新的见解。

Researchers have increasingly questioned the concept of viewing the world in terms of bounded, self-reliant social units such as nation states. Instead they see the world as culturally, economically and politically interconnected with massive movement of people, goods and information. In this highly fluid context people create and recreate ethnic, cultural and racial identities. The study of these processes is key to understanding social change and cultural conflict. Archaeology is particularly well positioned to study connectivity, movement, and ethnogenesis over the long span of human history. Dr. McGuire of Binghamton University, along with Mexican colleagues will study these processes among prehistoric peoples in northwest México and the southwestern United States. The project focuses on the Trincheras Tradition of northern Sonora, Mexico to examine connectivity, movement and ethnogenesis linking central Mexico with the southwestern United States. The project transcends the U.S. - Mexico border to establish contemporary research connectivity and to foster international cooperation. It integrates research with education to promote teaching, training and learning. It is a bi-national project that employs US and Mexican students in a cooperative research program. It introduces these students to existing networks that link North American and Mexican archaeologists in northern México. The public education component of the research includes lectures in the US and México and field trips for interested public groups from both nations. The researchers publish their results both in México and the United States using scientific outlets, popular journals, and museum exhibits.Dr. McGuire and his colleagues examine how pre- AD 1200 Trincheras Tradition people participated in a series of cultural traditions that connected the prehistoric Hohokam peoples of southern Arizona with the prehistoric cultures of West México. The project?s transnational, collaborative research evaluates three alternatives for processes of movement, connectivity, and ethnogenesis in the Trincheras Tradition. The Trincheras as Hohokam model proposes that the Trincheras Tradition was the southernmost extension of the Hohokam. The Mexican Migration model envisions a common culture across northern Sonora and southern Arizona that Hohokam migrants displace in southern Arizona. The West Mexico model argues that before the AD 1200s the Trincheras Tradition was part of a series of cultural traditions that connected the peoples of southern Arizona with the prehistoric cultures of West Mexico. The project gathers the data to test these models by doing the first intensive excavations in Trincheras Tradition sites dating before the AD 1200s. Evaluating these three alternatives helps archaeologists to better understand processes that spanned the U.S. and Mexico. In doing so, the research contributes to our understanding of social change and cultural conflict at a continental scale. Such understanding generates new insights into connectivity, movement and ethnogenesis as universal aspects of the human condition.