Conceptualizing Cultural Contact And Transmission Across International Boundaries

研究人员越来越质疑用民族国家等有限的、自力更生的社会单位来看待世界的概念。相反，他们认为世界在文化、经济和政治上相互联系，人口、商品和信息的大规模流动。在这种高度流动的背景下，人们创造和重新创造民族、文化和种族身份。对这些过程的研究是理解社会变迁和文化冲突的关键。考古学在研究人类历史长河中的连通性、迁徙和民族起源方面处于特别有利的地位。宾厄姆顿大学的McGuire博士和他的墨西哥同事将在墨西哥西北部和美国西南部的史前人类中研究这些过程。该项目重点关注墨西哥索诺拉北部的Trincheras传统，以研究连接墨西哥中部与美国西南部的连通性、运动和民族起源。该项目超越美墨边境，建立当代研究联系，促进国际合作。它将研究与教育结合起来，促进教学、培训和学习。这是一个雇佣美国和墨西哥学生参与合作研究项目的两国项目。它向这些学生介绍了将北美和墨西哥北部的考古学家联系起来的现有网络。该研究的公共教育部分包括在美国和墨西哥的讲座，以及对两国感兴趣的公共团体的实地考察。研究人员通过科学渠道、通俗杂志和博物馆展览在墨西哥和美国发表了他们的研究结果。McGuire和他的同事们研究了公元1200年前Trincheras传统的人们是如何参与一系列文化传统的，这些文化传统将亚利桑那州南部的史前霍霍坎人与西姆萨姆西的史前文化联系起来。这个项目吗?这是一项跨国合作研究，评估了Trincheras传统中迁移、连通性和民族发生过程的三种选择。Trincheras as Hohokam模型提出Trincheras Tradition是Hohokam最南端的延伸。墨西哥移民模型设想了一种跨越索诺拉北部和亚利桑那州南部的共同文化，霍霍坎移民取代了亚利桑那州南部。西墨西哥模式认为，在公元1200年之前，Trincheras传统是一系列文化传统的一部分，这些文化传统将亚利桑那州南部的人们与西墨西哥的史前文化联系起来。该项目通过对公元1200年前的Trincheras传统遗址进行首次密集挖掘，收集数据来测试这些模型。评估这三种选择有助于考古学家更好地了解跨越美国和墨西哥的过程。在这样做的过程中，这项研究有助于我们理解大陆范围内的社会变革和文化冲突。这种理解产生了对连通性、运动和民族发生的新见解，这些都是人类状况的普遍方面。

Researchers have increasingly questioned the concept of viewing the world in terms of bounded, self-reliant social units such as nation states. Instead they see the world as culturally, economically and politically interconnected with massive movement of people, goods and information. In this highly fluid context people create and recreate ethnic, cultural and racial identities. The study of these processes is key to understanding social change and cultural conflict. Archaeology is particularly well positioned to study connectivity, movement, and ethnogenesis over the long span of human history. Dr. McGuire of Binghamton University, along with Mexican colleagues will study these processes among prehistoric peoples in northwest México and the southwestern United States. The project focuses on the Trincheras Tradition of northern Sonora, Mexico to examine connectivity, movement and ethnogenesis linking central Mexico with the southwestern United States. The project transcends the U.S. - Mexico border to establish contemporary research connectivity and to foster international cooperation. It integrates research with education to promote teaching, training and learning. It is a bi-national project that employs US and Mexican students in a cooperative research program. It introduces these students to existing networks that link North American and Mexican archaeologists in northern México. The public education component of the research includes lectures in the US and México and field trips for interested public groups from both nations. The researchers publish their results both in México and the United States using scientific outlets, popular journals, and museum exhibits.Dr. McGuire and his colleagues examine how pre- AD 1200 Trincheras Tradition people participated in a series of cultural traditions that connected the prehistoric Hohokam peoples of southern Arizona with the prehistoric cultures of West México. The project?s transnational, collaborative research evaluates three alternatives for processes of movement, connectivity, and ethnogenesis in the Trincheras Tradition. The Trincheras as Hohokam model proposes that the Trincheras Tradition was the southernmost extension of the Hohokam. The Mexican Migration model envisions a common culture across northern Sonora and southern Arizona that Hohokam migrants displace in southern Arizona. The West Mexico model argues that before the AD 1200s the Trincheras Tradition was part of a series of cultural traditions that connected the peoples of southern Arizona with the prehistoric cultures of West Mexico. The project gathers the data to test these models by doing the first intensive excavations in Trincheras Tradition sites dating before the AD 1200s. Evaluating these three alternatives helps archaeologists to better understand processes that spanned the U.S. and Mexico. In doing so, the research contributes to our understanding of social change and cultural conflict at a continental scale. Such understanding generates new insights into connectivity, movement and ethnogenesis as universal aspects of the human condition.