Dissertation Research - Reconstructing Trincheras: A Study of the Role of Cerros De Trincheras in the South-West United States and Northern Mexico

论文研究 - 重建特林切拉斯：关于塞罗斯德特林切拉斯在美国西南部和墨西哥北部的作用的研究

• 批准号: 0228833
• 负责人: Randall McGuire
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Binghamton
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-01 至 2003-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0228833&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Reconstructing; Trincheras; Study

Under the direction of Dr. Randall McGuire, MsBridget Zavala will conduct archaeological fieldwork in Arizona and Sonora, Mexico. Ms. Zavala's research will help to systematize and gather information on the enigmatic site-type 'cerros de trincheras' or hills with stone terraces and walls. Recent investigations at a handful of the terraced hill sites now show that cerros were a long-lived architectural tradition beginning 3000 years before present and continuing well into the 15th century. Cerros de trincheras are found in the modern day states of Chihuahua, Sonora, Arizona and New Mexico, crosscutting five archaeological traditions. To date, different researchers have posited multiple functional explanations for these sites- either defensive, ceremonial, architectural or residential. In the past two decades, investigators involved in the first large scale excavations of these sites at Cerro Juanaquena, Chihuahua; Las Trincheras, Sonora; the Fortress in New Mexico; Linda Vista Hill, Tumamoc Hill and Cerro Prieto in Arizona have finally collected the kind of data that will make it possible to reassess our understanding of terraced hill life. Wit is now known that these particular cerros were multidimensional in their function and they were the site of many of the activities of daily life. Ms.. Zavala will conduct badly needed cross-regional analyses of the role of cerros de trincheras in their regional and chronological settings. Fieldwork in Sonora and Arizona will involve site recording of at least 31 cerros de trincheras on both sides of the U.S./ Mexico border. Sites will be mapped, and details will be recorded.. A GIS database will then be created to articulate field observations with information gathered by other projects. Ms. Zavala's investigation will either verify or discredit one of three working hypotheses for cerros de trincheras: 1) all cerros de trincheras had one specialized use: defense, agriculture, ceremonial or habitation that remained constant through time; 2) cerros de trincheras had several specialized uses: defense, agriculture, ceremonial or habitation that remained constant through time; or 3) the site type was used in different ways at different times by different archaeological traditions. This research will not only help to dispell the mystery surrounding cerros de trincheras but it will also help address the role of upland sites all over the world. Hilltop enclosures in the southeastern U.S. and hill forts in Ireland and England, among others, all evoke the same kind of questions from anthropologists yet they are often ignored in comparison to their flood plain counterparts. We need to look uphill and incorporate upland pre-Hispanic land use if we intend to create accurate reconstructions of the past. This project will also contribute to training a promising young scientist.

在Randall McGuire博士的指导下，Bridget Zavala女士将在亚利桑那州和墨西哥的索诺拉进行考古实地考察。 Zavala女士的研究将有助于系统化和收集关于神秘的遗址类型“cerros de trincheras”或带有石头梯田和墙壁的山丘的信息。 最近对一些梯田山遗址的调查表明，塞罗斯是一种长寿的建筑传统，始于距今3000年前，一直延续到世纪。 Cerros de trincheras在现代的奇瓦瓦州、索诺拉、亚利桑那州和新墨西哥州被发现，贯穿了五个考古传统。到目前为止，不同的研究人员对这些遗址提出了多种功能性解释--防御性的、仪式性的、建筑性的或居住性的。 在过去的二十年里，参与这些遗址的第一次大规模挖掘的调查人员在奇瓦瓦州的Cerro Juanaquena;索诺拉的Las Trincheras;新墨西哥州的堡垒;亚利桑那州的琳达维斯塔山，图莫克山和Cerro Prieto终于收集到了这种数据，这将使我们有可能重新评估我们对梯田山生活的理解。现在我们知道，这些特殊的塞洛斯在功能上是多方面的，它们是许多日常生活活动的场所。小姐 Zavala将进行急需的跨区域分析，在他们的区域和年代设置的cerros de trincheras的作用。 在索诺拉和亚利桑那州的实地工作将涉及在美国的两侧至少31个cerros de trincheras的现场记录。墨西哥边境。 地点将被绘制地图，细节将被记录。然后将建立一个地理信息系统数据库，将实地观察结果与其他项目收集的信息联系起来。扎瓦拉女士的调查将证实或否定三种关于特里切拉斯峰的假设之一：1）所有特里切拉斯峰都有一种特殊的用途：防御、农业、仪式或居住，这种用途在时间上保持不变; 2）特里切拉斯峰有几种特殊的用途：防御、农业、仪式或居住，这种用途在时间上保持不变;（3）不同的考古传统在不同的时期以不同的方式使用遗址类型。 这项研究将不仅有助于消除围绕特林切拉斯山的谜团，而且还将有助于解决世界各地高地遗址的作用。 美国东南部的山顶围栏以及爱尔兰和英格兰的山顶围栏，都引起了人类学家的同样问题，但与洪泛平原相比，它们往往被忽视。 如果我们打算准确地重建过去，我们需要向山上看，并将高地前西班牙裔的土地使用纳入其中。该项目还将有助于培养一名有前途的年轻科学家。