CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Collaborative Vehicular Systems

随着自动驾驶汽车被引入道路网络，由此产生的交通系统的整体安全和效率必须得到建立和保证。大量与现有汽车系统相关的关键软件召回表明，当前的设计实践还不能满足这一挑战。该项目旨在解决这个问题，开发方法来分析和协调全自动驾驶和部分自动驾驶车辆的网络，这些车辆在道路上与传统的人类驾驶车辆相互作用。通过开发一个数学框架和相应的软件工具，分析一类将物理、机械和生物组件与纯计算组件结合在一起的系统的安全性和可靠性，该研究成果有望为其他具有可扩展配置层次结构的网络物理系统的安全性做出贡献。该项目研究跨越四个技术领域：自主和人工控制的协同驾驶；跨异构分布式计算系统的计算调度；V2X(车辆到车辆和车辆到基础设施)网络的安全和信任；以及通过半虚拟环境和场景验证V2X系统。这项研究的集成方面是开发一个用于网络物理系统的分布式系统演算(CPS)，该演算能够对协同车辆系统进行建模、仿真和分析。开发一个全面的框架来对重新配置、分层控制、安全和信任进行建模、分析和测试，使这项研究有别于以前解决相同问题的尝试。教育和外展活动包括将项目研究整合到本科和研究生课程中，以及通过女性工程项目在俄亥俄州立大学为高中生举办夏令营。

As self-driving cars are introduced into road networks, the overall safety and efficiency of the resulting traffic system must be established and guaranteed. Numerous critical software-related recalls of existing automotive systems indicate that current design practices are not yet up to this challenge. This project seeks to address this problem, by developing methods to analyze and coordinate networks of fully and partially self-driving vehicles that interact with conventional human-driven vehicles on roads. The outcomes of the research are expected to also contribute to the safety of other cyber-physical systems with scalable configurable hierarchical structures, by developing a mathematical framework and corresponding software tools that analyze the safety and reliability of a class of systems that combine physical, mechanical and biological components with purely computational ones.The project research spans four technical areas: autonomous and human-controlled collaborative driving; scheduling computations over heterogeneous distributed computing systems; security and trust in V2X (Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) networks; and Verification & Validation of V2X systems through semi-virtual environments and scenarios. The integrating aspect of this research is the development of a distributed system calculus for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) that enables modeling, simulation and analysis of collaborative vehicular systems. The development of a comprehensive framework to model, analyze and test reconfiguration, hierarchical control, security and trust differentiates this research from previous attempts to address the same problem. Educational and outreach activities include integration of project research in undergraduate and graduate courses, and a summer camp at Ohio State University for high-school students through the Women in Engineering program.