CAREER: Genetic Architecture and Proximate Mechanisms Underlying Indirect Genetic Effects on Cooperative Antipredator Behavior

职业：间接遗传效应对合作性反捕食者行为的遗传结构和直接机制

• 批准号: 1453536
• 负责人: Bronwyn Bleakley
• 金额: $ 89.9万
• 依托单位: Stonehill College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-15 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1453536&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Genetic; Architecture; Proximate; Mechanisms

A central problem in modern biology is understanding how an individual's traits, whether physical features, disease or behavior, result from the combined action of genes, the physical environment and the social environment in which an individual interacts. Describing genetic influences on behavior is particularly challenging if genes in social partners interact to generate behavior. Little is known about the extent of such genetic influences, whether their effects vary across populations or the physiological mechanisms that allow the genes in one individual to influence another individual's behavior. Trinidadian guppies are an excellent model system to study these effects on behavior because guppies perform a suite of cooperative antipredator behavior that is strongly influenced by social partners and which varies greatly across populations depending on predation risk. This project uses statistical genetics to describe the relative importance of an individual's own genes and those of its social partners for generating cooperation among guppies. This project will also link variation in physiology, gene expression, and sensory anatomy to variation in cooperation across populations. Undergraduates from under-represented groups will be provided long-term comprehensive research and mentorship experiences. An active learning curriculum for evolution classes will be developed. This work will advance our scientific understanding of the genetics of complex traits, including social behavior, while preparing diverse students to be scientists, educators, and mentors.How interacting phenotypes, such as cooperation, evolve depends on both the genetic architecture of the behavior and the structure of the social environment. This project will describe the complete genetic architecture of indirect genetic effects (IGEs) on guppy antipredator behavior, especially as it might vary with changes in social selection imposed by cooperation under differential predation risk. A quantitative genetic breeding design paired with behavioral experiments will measure the influence imposed by and responsiveness to social partners and genetic covariances between those traits for high and low predation populations. Variation in these traits will be correlated with differences in gene expression for hormone receptors and cognate hormone secretion, pheromone excretion, and somatosensory anatomy. Differences in social environments will be characterized by measuring the proportions of individuals in each population that are influential on and/or responsive to social their partners. Lastly, the combination of influential and responsive partners will be varied to measure how well different combinations cooperate, quantifying differences in social selection across populations. This work will provide some of the first experimental links between proximate mechanisms, variation in IGEs, and social selection. Data will be archived and made publically available through Dryad Digital Repository and GenBank, as appropriate.

现代生物学的一个中心问题是理解一个人的特征，无论是身体特征、疾病还是行为，是如何由基因、物理环境和个体相互作用的社会环境的综合作用产生的。如果社会伙伴中的基因相互作用产生行为，那么描述基因对行为的影响就特别具有挑战性。关于这种遗传影响的程度，人们知之甚少，无论是它们的影响在人群中还是在允许一个个体的基因影响另一个个体的行为的生理机制中都是不同的。特立尼达孔雀鱼是一个很好的模型系统来研究这些影响的行为，因为孔雀鱼执行一套合作的反捕食行为，强烈影响社会合作伙伴，并根据捕食风险在人群中有很大的差异。这个项目使用统计遗传学来描述一个人自己的基因和社会伙伴的基因在孔雀鱼之间产生合作的相对重要性。该项目还将把生理学、基因表达和感觉解剖学的变化与种群间合作的变化联系起来。来自代表性不足群体的本科生将获得长期的综合研究和指导经验。将为进化课程制定一个积极的学习课程。这项工作将推进我们对复杂性状遗传学的科学理解，包括社会行为，同时为不同的学生成为科学家，教育家和导师做好准备。相互作用的表型，如合作，如何演变取决于行为的遗传结构和社会环境的结构。该项目将描述间接遗传效应（IGEs）对孔雀鱼反捕食行为的完整遗传结构，特别是因为它可能会随着差异捕食风险下合作所带来的社会选择的变化而变化。一个定量的遗传育种设计与行为实验配对将测量的影响和社会合作伙伴的反应和遗传协方差之间的这些特征的高和低捕食种群。这些性状的变异与激素受体和同源激素分泌、信息素分泌和躯体感觉解剖学的基因表达差异相关。社会环境的差异将通过测量每个群体中对他们的伙伴有影响力和/或对他们的伙伴有反应的个人的比例来表征。最后，有影响力和响应性的合作伙伴的组合将是不同的，以衡量不同的组合如何合作，量化不同人群的社会选择差异。这项工作将提供一些第一个实验之间的联系，近端机制，IGE的变化，和社会选择。 数据将通过Dryad Digital Repository和GenBank（如适用）进行存档并以电子方式提供。